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Zircon U–Pb geochronology, and elemental and Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotopic geochemistry of post-collisional rhyolite in the Chiang Khong area, NW Thailand and implications for the melting of juvenile crust

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Abstract

Volcanic rocks are widely exposed within the Chiang Khong–Lampang–Tak igneous zone in NW Thailand. A representative rhyolite sample from the Chiang Khong area yielded a zircon U–Pb age of 230.7 ± 1.1 Ma (n = 20, MSWD = 0.98). The Chiang Khong rhyolites are characterized by low TiO2 (0.29–0.62 wt%) and MgO (0.04–0.82 wt%) with A/CNK values of 0.95–1.06 (one outlier at 1.47), and can be classified as highly fractionated I-type rhyolites. They are enriched in LILEs and LREEs, and depleted in HFSEs. Two representative samples have 87Sr/86Sr (i) ratios of 0.70497 and 0.70527, and the εNd (t) values fall at +1.1 and +1.3, respectively. εHf (t) and δ18O in zircon are between +4.7 to +12.0 and 5.3 to 5.9 ‰, respectively. Our geochemical data suggest that the Chiang Khong rhyolites formed by partial melting of juvenile mafic lower crust in a post-collisional setting. Deep crustal anatexis was probably induced by upwelling asthenospheric mantle, shortly after slab detachment subsequent to closure of the Paleo-Tethys.

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Acknowledgments

This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41190073 and 41172202), the China Geological Survey (1212011121256), the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB440901), “the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities to SYSU” and the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences in Wuhan (MSFGPMR201402). We are grateful to Prof. Wolf-Christian Dullo, Prof. Åke Johansson and another anonymous reviewer for their critical and constructive reviews and comments on this paper.

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  1. School of Earth Science and Geological Engineering, Sun Yat–Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, People’s Republic of China

    Xin Qian, Yuejun Wang & Yuzhi Zhang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China

    Xin Qian & Qinglai Feng

  3. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Yuejun Wang

  4. Department of Applied Geology, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia

    Jian-Wei Zi

  5. School of Geotechnology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand

    Chongpan Chonglakmani

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Qian, X., Wang, Y., Feng, Q. et al. Zircon U–Pb geochronology, and elemental and Sr–Nd–Hf–O isotopic geochemistry of post-collisional rhyolite in the Chiang Khong area, NW Thailand and implications for the melting of juvenile crust. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 106, 1375–1389 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-016-1338-8

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