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Development of poly(Ɛ-polycaprolactone)/hydroxyapatite composites for bone tissue regeneration

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Abstract

The incorporation of osteoconductive hydroxyapatite (HA) into poly(Ɛ-polycaprolactone) (PCL) may enhance the material hydrophilicity, protein adsorption, roughness, and consequently, bone formation. In this work, PCL/HA composites with 5, 10, and 25 wt% of HA were prepared by melt compounding followed by hot compression, and their properties such as torque, molecular weight, mechanical resistance, and viscosity were compared to neat PCL to understand the influence of the filler on the polymer stability and printability. The addition of 5 and 10 wt% of HA leads to properties similar to the neat PCL; therefore, these compositions were chosen to produce scaffolds by 3D printing. The scaffolds presented excellent printability and homogenous dispersion of the HA. The compressive strength modulus of both compressed samples and scaffolds is around 30 MPa, similar to cancellous bone. The presence of increasing HA content combined with surface treatment using NaOH enhanced osteoblast proliferation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the LMA-IQ (UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil) for the scanning electron microscope facility, to Prof. Ph.D. Silvia H. P. Bettini and M.Sc. Livia G. Gonçalves for the GPC analysis (FAPESP; Grant Number 2011/21313-1), and to Gustavo Valio for donating the PCL. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. This work was also supported by CAPES PNPD20131474-33001014004P9 and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Grant Numbers 2017/09609-9, 2017/11366-7, 2018/14151-4 and 2018/26060-3.

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  1. Materials Engineering Department, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, via Washington Luiz, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil

    Eduardo Henrique Backes, Cesar Augusto Gonçalves Beatrice, Samarah Vargas Harb, Lidiane Cristina Costa & Luiz Antonio Pessan

  2. Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil

    Kawany Munique Boriolo Shimomura

  3. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil

    Bianca Cruz Pachane & Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo

  4. Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Talim, 330, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231-280, Brazil

    Fabio Roberto Passador

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Backes, E.H., Beatrice, C.A.G., Shimomura, K.M.B. et al. Development of poly(Ɛ-polycaprolactone)/hydroxyapatite composites for bone tissue regeneration. Journal of Materials Research 36, 3050–3062 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-021-00316-0

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