Abstract
The modern technologies of processing of sulfide copper raw materials using high-output autogenous and semiautogenous processes are analyzed and compared with the “dead” roasting–reduction smelting technology.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. D. Genkin, V. V. Distler, and G. D. Gladyshev, Sulfide Copper–Nickel Ores of Norilsk Deposits (Nauka, Moscow, 1981).
I. A. Blatov, Beneficiation of Copper–Nickel Ores (Ruda Metally, Moscow, 1998).
L. I. Alekseeva, N. G. Kaitmazov, Yu. A. Salaikin, et al., “Disseminated ores from Norilsk—new approach to the process of beneficiation,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 7, 26–31 (2007).
A. A. Abramov, Flotation Methods of Beneficiation (Nedra, Moscow, 1993).
A. V. Vanyukov and N. I. Utkin, Combined Processing of Copper and Nickel Raw Materials (Metallurgiya, Chelyabinsk, 1988).
A. V. Tarasov and V. A. Bocharov, Combined Technologies of Nonferrous Metallurgy (Institut Gintsvetmet, Moscow, 2001).
V. V. Mechev, V. P. Bystrov, A. V. Tarasov, et al., Autogenous Processes in Nonferrous Metallurgy (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1991).
A. V. Tarasov, “New in the metallurgy of copper,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 2, 38–45 (2002).
J. Kruger, “Best available technology?ein angebot an die industrie oder diktiertes gesetz BAT-BREF-note nichteisenmetalle–gasformige emissionen–wasseremissionswerte–umweltschutz in der europaischen nichteisen–metallindustrie,” World of Metallurgy–Erzmetall., No. 1, 43–49 (2002).
Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC). Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in the Nonferrous Metals Industries/EUROPEAN COMMISSION. DIRECTORATE-GENERAL JRC JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (Seville). Technologies for Sustainable Development. European IPPC Bureau (2001).
L. A. Sinev, V. F. Borbat, and A. I. Kozyura, Flash Smelting of Sulfide Concentrates (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1979).
U. G. Devenport et al., Flash Smelting: Control, Analysis, and Optimization (MISiS, Moscow, 2006).
A. V. Vanyukov, Melting in Liquid Bath (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1988).
M. Goto and N. Kikumoto, “Process analysis of mitsubishi continuous smelting and converting process,” in Proceedings of 110th AIME Annual Meeting, Chicago (1981).
P. J. Mackey, G. C. McKerrow, and P. Tarassoff, “Minor elements in the Noranda process,” in Proceedings of 104th AIME Annual Meeting, New York (1975).
R. Shuhmann and P. E. Queneau, “Thermodynamics of the Q–S oxygen process for coppermaking,” in Proceedings of AIME Annual Meeting, Las Vegas (1976).
S. Demetrio, J. Ahumada, M. A. Duran, E. M. Ulisesrojas, et al., “Slag cleaning: the chilean copper smelter experience,” JOM 52 (8), 20–26 (2000).
Metal Manufacture behind the Polar Circle, Ed. by N. G. Kaitmazov (Anteilimited, Norilsk, 2007).
A. I. Rebrov and A. V. Grechko, “Converters with lateral gas removal and their improvement in recent years (review),” Tsvetn. Met., No. 3, 19–24 (1998).
C. B. Solnordal, P. J. Witt, A. Manzoori, et al., “A correlation-based model for predicting gas extraction performance in a copper converting plant,” JOM 58 (10), 51–56 (2006).
N. L. Piret, “Cleaning copper and Ni/Co slags: the technical, economic, and environmental aspects,” JOM 52 (8), 18–20 (2000).
N. A. Miklin, A. D. Vaskevich, S. N. Volodchenko, et al., “Calcium flux in converting of nickel-containing matte,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 4, 21–25 (1987).
P. Khanniala, L. Khelle, and I. Koio, “Flash smelting in the context of new requirements of the third millennium,” Obogashenie Rud. Tsvetn. Met., June, 69–75 (2001).
D. N. Klushin, “Matte-free technology of processing of copper and copper–zinc concentrates,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 4, 12–15 (1984).
N. S. Bekturganov and V. G. Shkodin, “Matte-free technology of processing of high-silicon copper concentrates,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 12, 14–16 (1984).
V. M. Paretskii, “Principal modification of coppermaking,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 10, 37–41 (2007).
A. S. Danilov, M. A. Smolin, A. S. Tel’nov, et al., “Protection of the air basin in the enterprises of OAO GMK Norilsk Nikel,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 1, 35–38 (2005).
M. P. Danilov, A. F. Petrov, A. L. Kozhanov, et al., “Methods of utilization of lean sulfur dioxide gases in the enterprises of ZF GMK Norilsk Nikel,” Tsvetn. Met., No. 11, 30–33 (2006).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © V.S. Chekushin, N.V. Oleinikova, M.A. Shubakova, 2014, published in Tekhnologiya Metallov, 2014, No. 8, pp. 3–11.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chekushin, V.S., Oleinikova, N.V. & Shubakova, M.A. Modern processes of copper concentration from mineral raw materials. Russ. Metall. 2015, 1069–1075 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029515130029
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029515130029