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A Review on Rumen Anaerobic Fungi: Current Understanding on Carbohydrate Fermentation and Roughages Digestion in Ruminants

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Abstract

Anaerobic fungi have long been in the attention for their well-known potential in roughages degradation and ruminant nutrition. Although numerous studies have given new insights into anaerobic fungi in lignocellulosics digestion owing to their decisive fibrolytic activity, however, little is known about their role in carbohydrate fermentation. Furthermore, very limited information is available on the newly discovered genera of anaerobic rumen fungi, their mechanism of ruminal digestion, and their application as feed additives in ruminants. Therefore, this review aims to represent the current new understanding of various anaerobic fungal genera and their secretory fibrolytic enzymes, role in lignocellulosic digestion, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) formation and productivity in different ruminant species. This article further reviewed the use of superior anaerobic fungi like Neocallimastix sp., Orpinomyces sp., Piromyces sp. and Anaeromyces sp. as probiotic-feed additives and their role in improving digestibility, fermentation, VFAs production and productivity of ruminants. However, there is very less research focussed on the newly discovered anaerobic fungi and their fermentation profile. In addition, our review will lead to greater understanding of interactions between anaerobic rumen fungi and ruminal fermentation, which will help in devising a new, economical fungal based probiotic feeding system for better livestock productivity.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

All the authors would like to thank Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), New Delhi, India; Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna, Bihar, and ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, India for providing necessary supports and facility to complete this work.

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  1. DRDO-Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), 194101, Leh, UT Ladakh, India

    N. R. Bhagat & V. K. Bharti

  2. Department of Animal Nutrition, Bihar Veterinary College, Bihar Animal Sciences University, 800014, Patna, Bihar, India

    S. Kumar

  3. ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, 800014, Patna, Bihar, India

    R. Kumari

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Bhagat, N.R., Kumar, S., Kumari, R. et al. A Review on Rumen Anaerobic Fungi: Current Understanding on Carbohydrate Fermentation and Roughages Digestion in Ruminants. Appl Biochem Microbiol 59, 231–249 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683823030043

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