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Anaerobic fungi and their cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes

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Abstract

Anaerobic fungi are the inhabitants of the digestive tract of herbivorous mammals, ruminants as well as non-ruminants. One of the major characteristics of all anaerobic fungi examined thus far, is their production and secretion of a range of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, including cellulases, xylanases and glucoside-hydrolases. The cellulolytic enzymes of the anaerobic fungusNeocallimastix frontalis have been shown to possess a high activity. Therefore anaerobic fungi and/or their enzymes could be interesting for many biotechnological applications including saccharafication of lignocellulosic residues, production of polysacchari-dehydrolysing enzymes. This review summarizes the present knowledge of anaerobic fungi with special emphasis on their cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes. Further, a comparison with aerobic fungi is made.

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Abbreviations

G2 :

cellobiose

G3 :

cellotriose

G4 :

cellotetraose

G5 :

cellopentaose

HMM-complex:

high molecular mass complex

PNPF:

p-nitrophenyl-β-fucopyranoside

PNPG:

p-nitrophenyl-β-glucopyranoside

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld, NL-6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Marcel J. Teunissen & Huub J. M. Op den Camp

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Teunissen, M.J., Op den Camp, H.J.M. Anaerobic fungi and their cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 63, 63–76 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00871733

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