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Stimulation of the Protective Mechanisms of Solanum tuberosum by the Bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Chitooligosaccharides upon Infection with Phytophthora infestans

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Abstract

The joint effect of Bacillus subtilis 26D endophytic bacteria and chitooligosaccharides (COSs) on the resistance of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) to the late blight causative agent Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary was studied. A twofold decrease in the area of late-blight lesions on potato leaves was revealed during the joint presowing treatment of minitubers with B. subtilis bacteria (108 cells/mL) with COSs (1 mg/L). Treatment with COSs was found to have similar protective effect on potato plants, but this was not observed with the use of only bacteria. The mechanisms of increased potato-plant resistance to P. infestans were associated with the activation of catalase, peroxidase, and hydrolases (amylase and protease) inhibitors, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, and transcripts of genes encoding PR proteins: amylase inhibitor, basic protective protein (PR-1), chitinase (PR-3), protease inhibitor (PR-6), peroxidase (PR-9). The revealed activation of the gene expression of the main antimicrobial protein PR-1 (a marker of the development of systemic acquired resistance) and PR-6 (a marker of the development of induced systemic resistance) under the influence of combined treatment with B. subtilis and COSs indicates that the development of protective reactions in potato plants to the late blight pathogen in this case occurs synergistically, with the participation of various signaling pathways, in which B. subtilis prime protective genes, and COSs act as a trigger for their expression.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The work was performed on the equipment of the Biomics Center for Collective Use (Department of Biochemical Research and Nanobiotechnology of the Agidel Regional Center for Collective Use) and the Unique Scientific Installation Kodink.

Funding

The work was performed partially as a government task (state registration number AAAA-A21-121011990120-7), with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research within the framework of scientific project no. 20-516-00005.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, a separate structural unit of the Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia

    L. G. Yarullina, G. F. Burkhanova, E. A. Cherepanova, E. A. Zaikina, A. V. Sorokan & I. V. Maksimov

  2. Bashkir State University, 450076, Ufa, Russia

    V. O. Tsvetkov & V. O. Maksutova

  3. Institute of Experimental Botany named after Kuprevich, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072, Minsk, Belarus

    J. N. Kalatskaya

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  1. L. G. Yarullina
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Correspondence to L. G. Yarullina.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

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Translated by A. Bulaev

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Yarullina, L.G., Burkhanova, G.F., Tsvetkov, V.O. et al. Stimulation of the Protective Mechanisms of Solanum tuberosum by the Bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Chitooligosaccharides upon Infection with Phytophthora infestans. Appl Biochem Microbiol 58, 166–174 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0003683822020168

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