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Inoculation of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) with growth-promoting Bacillus subtilis retards whitefly Bemisia tabaci development

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Abstract

Root inoculation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with a Bacillus subtilis strain BEB-DN (BsDN) isolated from the rhizosphere of cultivated potato plants was able to promote growth and to generate an induced systemic resistance (ISR) response against virus-free Bemisia tabaci. Growth promotion was evident 3 weeks after inoculation. No changes in oviposition density, preference and nymphal number in the early stages of B. tabaci development were observed between BsDN-treated plants and control plants inoculated with a non-growth promoting Bs strain (PY-79), growth medium or water. However, a long-term ISR response was manifested by a significantly reduced number of B. tabaci  pupae developing into adults in BsDN-treated plants. The observed resistance response appeared to be a combination of jasmonic acid (JA) dependent and JA-independent responses, since the BsDN-related retardation effect on B. tabaci development was still effective in the highly susceptible spr2 tomato mutants with an impaired capacity for JA biosynthesis. A screening of 244 genes, 169 of which were previously obtained from subtractive-suppressive-hybridization libraries generated from B. tabaci-infested plants suggested that the BsDN JA-dependent ISR depended on an anti-nutritive effect produced by the simultaneous expression of genes coding principally for proteases and proteinase inhibitors, whereas the JA-independent ISR observed in the spr2 background curiously involved the up-regulation of several photosynthetic genes, key components of the phenyl-propanoid and terpenoid biosynthetic pathways and of the Hsp90 chaperonin, which probably mediated pest resistance response(s), in addition to the down-regulation of pathogenesis and hypersensitive response genes.

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Abbreviations

Cfu:

Colony forming units

JA:

Jasmonic acid

MeSA:

Methyl salicylate

SA:

Salicylic acid

SAR:

Systemic acquired resistance

ISR:

Induced systemic response

spr2 :

Suppressor of prosystemin-mediated responses2

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by two postgraduate scholarships (165105, to MGEH and 182416, to JHVS) granted by The National Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT, México). We are grateful to Dr. Víctor Olalde Portugal for the provision of the BsDN PGPR.

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  1. Unidad de Biotecnología e Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Cinvestav - Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, Apartado Postal 629, C.P. 36821, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

    José Humberto Valenzuela-Soto, María Gloria Estrada-Hernández, Enrique Ibarra-Laclette & John Paul Délano-Frier

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  1. José Humberto Valenzuela-Soto
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Valenzuela-Soto, J.H., Estrada-Hernández, M.G., Ibarra-Laclette, E. et al. Inoculation of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) with growth-promoting Bacillus subtilis retards whitefly Bemisia tabaci development. Planta 231, 397–410 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-009-1061-9

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