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Photobiomodulation and vitamin B treatment alleviate both thermal and mechanical orofacial pain in rats

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Abstract

Purpose

The present study investigates the efficacy of Photobiomodulation (PBM) and Vitamin B Complex (VBC) to relieve pain, both in separately and combined (PBM and VBC).

Methods

Rats with chronic constriction injury of the right infraorbital nerve (CCI-IoN) or Sham surgery were used. PBM was administered at a wavelength of 904 nm and energy density of 6.23 J/cm2 and VBC (containing B1, B6 and B12) subcutaneously, both separately and combined. Behavioral tests were performed to assess mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity before and after CCI and after PBM, VBC, or PBM + VBC. The expression of inflammatory proteins in the trigeminal ganglion and the immunohistochemical alterations of Periaqueductal Gray (PAG) astrocytes and microglia were examined following CCI and treatments.

Results

All testeds treatments reversed the painful behavior. The decrease in pain was accompanied by a decrease of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), a specific astrocytic marker, and Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), a marker of microglia, and decreased expression of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), Substance P, and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) induced by CCI-IoN in PAG and Trigeminal ganglion. Furthermore, both treatments showed a higher expression of Cannabinoid-type 1 (CB1) receptor in the trigeminal ganglion compared to CCI-IoN rats. Our results show that no difference was observed between groups.

Conclusion

We showed that PBM or VBC regulates neuroinflammation and reduces inflammatory protein expression. However, the combination of PBM and VBC did not enhance the effectiveness of both therapies alone.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the Brazilian funding agency, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Grant number—2015/24256-0; 2014/24533-0; 2017/05218-5, by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Grant number—157284/2017-4; 405853/2018-1, and by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Grant number—2021/02897-4. The funding agencies play no role in the design of the study, data collection, analysis, interpretation of the data, or in writing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Anatomia, Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain, Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Daniel Pereira Marques, Marucia Chacur & Daniel Oliveira Martins

  2. Division of Neuroscience/Hospital Sírio-Libânes, Street Daher Cutait, 69, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01308-060, Brazil

    Daniel Oliveira Martins

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  1. Daniel Pereira Marques
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Marques, D.P., Chacur, M. & Martins, D.O. Photobiomodulation and vitamin B treatment alleviate both thermal and mechanical orofacial pain in rats. Photochem Photobiol Sci 22, 2315–2327 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-023-00452-y

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