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Structural, microstructural, dielectric, transport, and optical properties of modified bismuth ferrite

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Abstract

In this communication, the synthesis (solid-state reaction) and characterization (XRD, SEM, EDX, and IS) of the (1 − x)BiFeO3 − x(BiNaKTiMnO3), (x = 0.05 and 0.1) ceramics were reported. The structural analysis suggests a rhombohedral crystal symmetry (#R3c) with an average crystallite size of 39.6 nm and micro-lattice strain of 0.000401 in x = 0.05 sample, whereas average crystallite size of 46.6 nm and lattice strain of 0.00133 in x = 0.1 sample, respectively. The growth and distribution of the grains and the position of grain boundaries were studied from a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The purity and compositional analysis of the prepared samples were checked from an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) image. The study of the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum suggests the presence of a stretching band of the constituent elements in the modified bismuth ferrite. The presence of the Maxwell–Wanger type of dispersion was confirmed by a dielectric study. The investigation of impedance as a function of temperature and frequency reveals the existence of a negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR). A non-Debye kind of relaxation mechanism is revealed by electric modulus analysis; however, a thermally induced relaxation process is confirmed by an ac conductivity study. The semi-circular arcs in the Nyquist and Cole–Cole plots indicate that the sample is semiconducting. BNKTM 5% has an energy bandgap of 2.9 eV, while BNKTM 10% has an energy bandgap of 2.7 eV, according to UV–visible spectra. The field-dependent hysteresis loop is analogous to the onset of ferroelectricity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, for providing experimental facilities. We would also like to thank Bandana, Preeti, and Sagarika for their encouragement and support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, T. N. B. College, T. M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, 812007, Bihar, India

    S. K. Sourav & Umakant Prasad

  2. Department of Physics, ITER, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751030, India

    S. K. Parida & R. N. P. Choudhary

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  1. S. K. Sourav
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Sourav, S.K., Parida, S.K., Choudhary, R.N.P. et al. Structural, microstructural, dielectric, transport, and optical properties of modified bismuth ferrite. J. Korean Ceram. Soc. 60, 687–701 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-023-00294-5

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