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Bacterial diversity in water from Xifeng Hot Spring in China

  • Environmental Microbiology - Research Paper
  • Published:
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Abstract

The Xifeng Hot Spring is one of the eight largest hot springs in China, which is rich in radon gas and sulphur in karst scenery. Little is known about the microbiota structure in the spring. The water was collected from three sites containing the outlet of spring water discharge site (OWD), spring pool for tourist (SPT) and sewage effluent pool (SEP) in the Xifeng Hot Spring and further analyzed by culture-independent technique and culture-dependent method. A total of 57 phyla were identified from the water samples. The dominate phyla at OWD was Bacteroidetes (46.93%), while it was Proteobacteria in both sites of SEP and SPT with relative richness of 61.9% and 94.9%, respectively. Two bacteria, Deinococcus and Hymenobacter, that confirmed to be radiation-resistant, seven sulphur bacteria and three thermophilic bacteria were detected from Xifeng Hot Spring. Furthermore, it was found that genus Flavobacterium was susceptible to environmental change with abundance of 11 ~ 2825 times higher in OWD than the other two groups. Compared bacteria from the OWD group with that from 14 hot springs in six countries, total 94 unique genera bacteria were found out from the Xifeng Hot Spring including four thiometabolism-related bacteria (Propionispira, Desulforegula, Desulfobacter and Desulfococcus) and the thermophilic bacterium (Symbiobacterium). Using microbial culturing and isolation technology, sixteen strains were isolated from the water samples of three sites. The diversity of microbiota was abundant and variable along with the niche changed in conditions and surroundings. It indicated that numbers of valuable bacteria resources could be explored from the special surroundings of Xifeng Hot Spring.

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Data Availability

All of nucleotide sequences of partial 16S rRNA gene from the isolated strains were deposited in NCBI with accession numbers of OQ932838-OQ932853. The sequencing data of water samples are available at NCBI with the BioProject number of PRJNA964588.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region and Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, China

    Lijuan Wu, Hong Long, Shihui Huang, Xi Niu, Sheng Li, Xing Yu, Longjiang You, Xueqin Ran & Jiafu Wang

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Correspondence to Xueqin Ran or Jiafu Wang.

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Responsible Editor: Lucy Seldin

Importance: This paper identified the microbial community in the water samples of Xifeng Hot Spring. From those, two radiation-resistant bacteria, seven sulphur metabolism bacteria, three known thermophilic bacteria were classified, and 94 unique genus bacteria were screened from Xifeng Hot Spring compared with other fourteen springs. It is valuable for the exploration of these microbial resources in extreme environments in the near future.

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Wu, L., Long, H., Huang, S. et al. Bacterial diversity in water from Xifeng Hot Spring in China. Braz J Microbiol 54, 1943–1954 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-023-01070-7

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