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Bacterial community composition in thermophilic microbial mats from five hot springs in central Tibet

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Abstract

Despite detailed study of selected thermophilic taxa, overall community diversity of bacteria in thermophilic mats remains relatively poorly understood. A sequence-based survey of bacterial communities from several hot spring locations in central Tibet was undertaken. Diversity and frequency of occurrence for 140 unique 16S rRNA gene phylotypes were identified in clone libraries constructed from environmental samples. A lineage-per-time plot revealed that individual locations have evolved to support relatively large numbers of phylogenetically closely related phylotypes. Application of the F ST statistic and P test to community data was used to demonstrate that phylogenetic divergence between locations was significant, thus emphasizing the status of hot springs as isolated habitats. Among phylotypes, only the Chlorobi were ubiquitous to all mats, other phototrophs (Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi) occurred in most but not all samples and generally accounted for a large number of recovered phylotypes. Phylogenetic analyses of phototrophic phylotypes revealed support for location-specific lineages. The alpha, beta and gamma proteobacteria were also frequently recovered phyla, suggesting they may be abundant phylotypes in mats, a hitherto unappreciated aspect of thermophilic mat biodiversity. Samples from one location indicated that where phototrophic bacteria were rare or absent due to niche disturbance, the relative frequency of proteobacterial phylotypes increased.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Tibet Ministry of Geology for fieldwork assistance. This research was supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (grant number HKU 7573/05M), and the Stephen S.·F. Hui Trust Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China

    Maggie C. Y. Lau & Stephen B. Pointing

  2. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China

    Jonathan C. Aitchison

Authors
  1. Maggie C. Y. Lau
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  2. Jonathan C. Aitchison
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  3. Stephen B. Pointing
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Correspondence to Stephen B. Pointing.

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Communicated by A. Driessen.

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Lau, M.C.Y., Aitchison, J.C. & Pointing, S.B. Bacterial community composition in thermophilic microbial mats from five hot springs in central Tibet. Extremophiles 13, 139–149 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-008-0205-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-008-0205-3

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