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The design of crosslinks in different vulcanized systems to improve crack growth resistance for carbon black/graphene oxide/natural rubber composites

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Abstract

Herein, the carbon black/graphene oxide/natural rubber composites (CB/GO/NR) with different crosslink networks were prepared through the latex co-precipitation approach. Meanwhile, the type of crosslinks on the crack propagation resistance and fatigue life in different vulcanized systems was investigated. As a result, CB/GO/NR composites dominated by polysulfide in the conventional vulcanization (CV) system exhibited the highest tear strength (71.6 kN/m) and lowest crack growth rate (64.1 nm/cycle), the crosslink network and polysulfide-based crosslink structure in the CV system were the key factors to improve the crack propagation resistance. In addition, the relationship between viscoelasticity and dynamic crack propagation behavior of CB/GO/NR is studied, and the CV system had the lowest loss compliance modulus (J″ = 0.0014 Mpa−1), thus more energy dissipation occurred in the crack propagation region and the crack propagation resistance of CV system was improved. Importantly, this work can provide the guideline for designing the rubber-based composites in the practical engineering applications.

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Funding

The authors received financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (Grant No. 20210302124430), the Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 20181101010) and Graduate Education Innovation Project Approval Number of Shanxi Province (2022Y613).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nano-Functional Composite Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China

    Zhiwei Li, Dong An, Rizheng He, Zhiyi Zhang & Yaqing Liu

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA

    Zhijian Sun, Jiaxiong Li & Chingping Wong

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  1. Zhiwei Li
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  2. Dong An
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  3. Rizheng He
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Contributions

Zhiwei Li: conceptualization, formal analysis, writing–original draft. Dong An: formal analysis. Rizheng He: investigation. Zhijian Sun: investigation. Jiaxiong Li: investigation. Zhiyi Zhang: formal analysis. Yaqing Liu: supervision. Chingping Wong: writing–review and editing.

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Li, Z., An, D., He, R. et al. The design of crosslinks in different vulcanized systems to improve crack growth resistance for carbon black/graphene oxide/natural rubber composites. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 6, 82 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-023-00662-z

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