Skip to main content
Log in

Survey on filtrations (parametric embeddings) of infinitesimal generators

  • Survey Paper
  • Published:
The Journal of Analysis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This work is devoted to the so-called filtration theory of semigroup generators in the unit disk. It should be noted that numerous filtrations studied to nowadays have been introduced for different purposes and considered from different points of view. So, our aim is to summarize the known facts, to present common and distinct properties of filtrations as well as to study some new filtrations with an emphasis on their connection with geometric function theory and the dynamic features of semigroups generated by elements of different filtration families. Among the dynamic properties, we mention the uniform convergence on the unit disk and the sectorial analytical extension of semigroups with respect to their parameter. We also solve the Fekete–Szegö problem over various filtration classes, as well as over non-linear resolvents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

This manuscript has no associated data.

References

  1. Abate, M. 1989. Iteration theory of holomorphic maps on taut manifolds. Rende: Mediterranean Press.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Abate, M. 1992. The infinitesimal generators of semigroups of holomorphic maps. Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata 161: 167–180.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Aharonov, D., M. Elin, S. Reich, and D. Shoikhet. 1999. Parametric representations of semi-complete vector fields on the unit balls in \(\mathbb{C} ^{n}\) and in Hilbert space. Atti dell’Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei 10: 229–253.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Aharonov, D., S. Reich, and D. Shoikhet. 1999. Flow invariance conditions for holomorphic mappings in Banach spaces. Mathematical Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 99A: 93–104.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Aksentiev, L.A. 1958. Sufficient conditions for univalence of regular functions. Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii Matematika 3: 3–7 ((Russian)).

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Avicou, C., I. Chalendar, and J.R. Partington. 2016. Analyticity and compactness of semigroups of composition operators. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 437: 545–560.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Balasubramanian, R., S. Ponnusamy, and M. Vuorinen. 2002. On hypergeometric functions and function spaces. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 139 (2): 299–322.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Berkson, E., and H. Porta. 1978. Semigroups of analytic functions and composition operators. The Michigan Mathematical Journal 25: 101–115.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Bracci, F., M.D. Contreras, and S. Díaz-Madrigal. 2020. Continuous semigroups of holomorphic self-maps of the unit disc. Springer Monographs in Mathematics. New York: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  10. Bracci, F., M.D. Contreras, S. Díaz-Madrigal, M. Elin, and D. Shoikhet. 2018. Filtrations of infinitesimal generators. Functiones et Approximatio Commentarii Mathematici 59: 99–115.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Bracci, F., and P. Gumenyuk. 2016. Contact points and fractional singularities for semigroups of holomorphic self-maps in the unit disc. Journal d’Analyse Mathematique 130: 185–217.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  12. Brickman, L., D.J. Hallenbeck, T.H. MacGregor, and D.R. Wilken. 1973. Convex hulls and extreme points of families of starlike and convex mappings. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 185: 413–428.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Duren, P. 1983. Univalent Functions. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Contreras, M.D., S. Díaz-Madrigal, and Ch. Pommerenke. 2006. On boundary critical points for semigroups of analytic functions. Mathematica Scandinavica 98: 125–142.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Efraimidis, I., and D. Vukotić. 2018. Applications of Livingston-type inequalities to the generalized Zalcman functional. Mathematische Nachrichten 291: 1502–1513. https://doi.org/10.1002/mana.201700022.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Elin, M., and F. Jacobzon. 2017. Analyticity of semigroups in the right half-plane. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 448: 750–766.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Elin, M., and F. Jacobzon. 2020. Coefficient body for nonlinear resolvents. Annales UMCS 2: 41–53.

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Elin and F. Jacobzon. 2022. The Fekete-Szegö problem for spirallike mappings and non-linear resolvents in Banach spaces. Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Mathematica 67, 329–344. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbmath.2022.2.09

  19. Elin, M., and F. Jacobzon. 2022. Families of inverse functions: coefficient bodies and the Fekete-Szegö problem. Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-022-02017-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Elin, M., and F. Jacobzon. 2023. Estimates on some functionals over non-linear resolvents. Filomat 37: 797–808.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Elin, M., F. Jacobzon, and D. Shoikhet. 2024. Filtration families of semigroup generators. The Fekete-Szegö problem. Applied Set-Valued Analysis and Optimization 6: 13–29.

    Google Scholar 

  22. M. Elin, F. Jacobzon and N. Tuneski. 2022. The Fekete–Szego functional and filtration of generators. Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo Series II. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12215-022-00824-w

  23. Elin, M., S. Reich, and D. Shoikhet. 2002. Asymptotic behavior of semigroups of \(\rho \)-non-expansive and holomorphic mappings on the Hilbert ball. Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata 181: 501–526.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. M. Elin, S. Reich and D. Shoikhet. 2004. Complex Dynamical Systems and the Geometry of Domains in Banach Spaces, Dissertationes Math. (Rozprawy Mat.) 427, 62 pp.

  25. Elin, M., S. Reich, and D. Shoikhet. 2019. Numerical range of holomorphic mappings and applications. Cham: Birkhäuser.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Elin and D. Shoikhet. 2010. Linearization Models for Complex Dynamical Systems. Topics in univalent functions, functional equations and semigroup theory, Birkhäuser Basel.

  27. M. Elin, D. Shoikhet, and T. Sugawa. 2018. Filtration of semi-complete vector fields revisited. In Complex analysis and dynamical systems. New trends and open problems, 93–102. Birkhäuser/Springer, Cham: Trends in Math.

  28. Elin, M., D. Shoikhet, and N. Tarkhanov. 2018. Analytic extension of semigroups of holomorphic mappings and composition operators. Computer Methods Function Theory 18: 269–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Elin, M., D. Shoikhet, and N. Tuneski. 2017. Parametric embedding of starlike functions. Complex Analysis and Operator Theory 11: 1543–1556.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Elin, M., D. Shoikhet, and N. Tuneski. 2020. Radii problems for starlike functions and semigroup generators. Computational Methods and Function Theory 20: 297–318.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. Elin, M., D. Shoikhet, and L. Zalcman. 2008. A flower structure of backward flow invariant domains for semigroups. Annales Academiæ Scientiarum Fennicæ Mathematica 33: 3–34.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Fukui, S. 1997. On \(\alpha \)-convex functions of order \(\beta \). International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 20: 769–772.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  33. S. Giri and S. S. Kumar. Radius and convolution problems of analytic functions involving semigroup generators, available in: arXiv:2205.10777.

  34. G. M. Goluzin. 1950. Some estimates for bounded functions. Mat. Sb. (N.S.), 26(68):1, 7–18.

  35. A. W. Goodman. 1983. Univalent functions, Vol 1, Mariner publishing company, Inc.

  36. I. Graham, H. Hamada and G. Kohr. 2020. Loewner chains and nonlinear resolvents of the Carathéodory family on the unit ball in \(\mathbb{C}^n\). Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2020.124289

  37. Graham, I., and G. Kohr. 2003. Geometric function theory in one and higher dimensions. New York and Basel: Marcel Dekker.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  38. Gurganus, K.R. 1975. \(\Phi \)-like holomorphic functions in \(\mathbb{C}^n\) and Banach spaces. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 205: 389–406.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  39. Hallenbeck, D.J. 1974. Convex hulls and extreme points of some families of univalent functions. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 192: 285–292.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. Hallenbeck, D.J., and S. Ruscheweyh. 1971. Subordination by convex functions. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 52: 191–195.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  41. Hamada, H., G. Kohr, M. Kohr. 2021. The Fekete–Szegö problem for starlike mappings and nonlinear resolvents of the Carathéodory family on the unit balls of complex Banach spaces. Anal. Math. Phys. 11 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13324-021-00557-6.

  42. Jacobzon, F., M. Levenshtein, and S. Reich. 2011. Convergence characteristics of one-parameter continuous semigroups. Analysis and Mathematical Physics 1: 311–335.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  43. Jahangiri, M., H. Silverman, and E.M. Silvia. 1991. Classes of functions defined by subordination. In New Trends in Geometric Function theory and applications, ed. R. Parvatham and S. Ponnusamy, 34–41. Word Scientific: Singapore.

  44. Janowski, W. 1973. Some extremal problems for certain families of analytic functions. Annales Polonici Mathematici 28: 297–326.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  45. Keogh, F.R., and E.P. Merkes. 1969. A coefficient inequality for certain classes of analytic functions. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 20: 8–12.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  46. Kim, Y.C., and R. Rønning. 2001. Integral transforms of certain subclasses of analytic functions. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 258: 466–486.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  47. Komatu, Y. 1961. On starlike and convex mappings of a circle. Kodai Mathematical Sem. Rep. 13: 123–126.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  48. Li, L., S. Ponnusamy, and K.-J. Wirths. 2022. Relations of the class \(U_{\lambda }\) to other families of functions. Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society 45 (3): 955–972.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  49. Ma , W. C., and D. Minda. 1992. A unifed treatment of some special classes of univalent functions, in Proceedings of the Conference on Complex Analysis (Tianjin, 1992), 157–169, Conf. Proc. Lecture Notes Anal., I, Int. Press, Cambridge, MA.

  50. Martin, G.J., and B.G. Osgood. 1986. The quasihyperbolic metric and associated estimates on the hyperbolic metric. Journal of Analyse Mathematics 47: 37–53.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  51. Marx, A. 1932. Untersuchungen über schlichte Abbildungen. Mathematische Annalen 107: 40–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Miller, S.S., and P.T. Mocanu. 1985. Univalent solutions of Briot-Bouquet differential equations. Journal of Differ Equations 56: 297–309.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  53. Miller, S.S., and P.T. Mocanu. 2000. Differential Subordinations. Theory and Applications: Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  54. Miller, S.S., P.T. Mocanu, and M.O. Reade. 1972. All alpha-convex functions are starlike. Revue Roumaine de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquees 17: 1395–1397.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  55. Mocanu, P.T. 1969. Une proprié de convexité généralisée dans la théoric de la représentation conforme. Mathemattca (Cluj) 11: 127–133.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Obradović, M., S. Ponnusamy, and K.J. Wirths. 2016. Geometric Studies on the Class \(U(\lambda )\). Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society 39: 1259–1284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40840-015-0263-5.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  57. Ponnusamy, S. 1993. Convolution properties of some classes of meromorphic univalent functions. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences 103 (1): 73–89.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  58. Ponnusamy, S. 1994. Differential subordination concerning starlike functions. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences 104 (2): 397–411.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  59. Ponnusamy, S., and V. Singh. 2002. Criteria for univalent, starlike and convex functions. Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society 9 (4): 511–531.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  60. Poreda, T.. 1991. On generalized differential equations in Banach space, Dissert. Math. 310.

  61. Reich, S., and D. Shoikhet. 1996. Generation theory for semigroups of holomorphic mappings in Banach spaces. Abstract and Applied Analysis 1: 1–44.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  62. Reich, S., and D. Shoikhet. 1997. Semigroups and generators on convex domains with the hyperbolic metric, Atti Acad. Naz. Lincei Cl. Sci. Fiz. Mat. Natur. Rend. Lincei (9) Mat. Appl. 8, 231–250.

  63. Reich, S., and D. Shoikhet. 1997. The Denjoy-Wolff theorem. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie-Sklodowska 51: 219–240.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  64. Reich, S., and D. Shoikhet. 2005. Nonlinear Semigroups, Fixed Points, and the Geometry of Domains in Banach Spaces. Imperial College Press, London: World Scientific Publisher.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  65. Ruscheweyh, St. 1975. New criteria for univalent functions. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 49: 109–115.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  66. Ruscheweyh, St. 1977. Linear operators between classes of prestarlike functions. Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici 52: 497–509.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  67. Shoikhet, D. 2003. Representations of holomorphic generators and distortion theorems for spirallike functions with respect to a boundary point. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 5: 335–361.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  68. Shoikhet, D. 2001. Semigroups in Geometrical Function Theory. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  69. Shoikhet, D. 2016. Rigidity and parametric embedding of semi-complete vector fields on the unit disk. Milan Journal of Mathematics 84: 159–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00032-016-0254-5.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  70. Simon, B. 2005. Orthogonal Polynomials on the Unit Circle, Part 1: Classical Theory, Colloquium Publications, Amer. Math. Society.

  71. Strohhäcker, E. 1933. Beiträge zür Theorie der schhlichten Functionen. Mathematische Zeitschrift 37: 356–380.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  72. Suffridge, T. J. 1976. Starlike functions as limits of polynomials, Advances in complex function theory, in: Lecture Notes in Maths., 505, Springer, Berlin–Heidelberg–New York, 164–202.

  73. Sugawa, T., and L.-M. Wang. 2017. Spirallikeness of shifted hypergeometric functions. Annales Academiæ Scientiarum Fennicæ Mathematica 42: 963–977.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  74. Tuneski, N. 2009. Some simple sufficient conditions for starlikeness and convexity. Appl. Math. Letters 22: 693–697.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors express their deep gratitude to the anonymous reviewers for their careful reading of our manuscript and very helpful comments that improved the text.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark Elin.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no Conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Financial interests

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Additional information

Communicated by S Ponnusamy.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Elin, M., Jacobzon, F. Survey on filtrations (parametric embeddings) of infinitesimal generators. J Anal (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41478-024-00754-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41478-024-00754-z

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation