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A review on fabrication processes for electrochromic devices

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Abstract

Electrochromism is a phenomenon involving change of colors under an externally applied voltages Because its importance is rising today, various fabrication processes have been used to manufacture electrochromic devices (ECDs). In this review, solution-, vapor-, and solid particle-based processes are introduced and compared in terms of process parameters. The seven representative fabrication processes discussed in this paper are electrodeposition, sol-gel, spray pyrolysis, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), thermal evaporation deposition, sputtering, and nanoparticle deposition systems (NPDS). Temperature and vacuum conditions for each process are compared. Electrodeposition and sol-gel processes can be performed under atmospheric pressure. Most sputtering and NPDS processes are conducted at room temperature. Although many fabrication processes are reviewed here, commercialization, environmental issues, cost, improvement of performance, and enhancement of product size will be studied for future ECDs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea

    Sung-Ik Park, Ying-Jun Quan, Se-Heon Kim & Sung-Hoon Ahn

  2. Department of Materials Engineering, Hanyang University, 55, Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, South Korea

    Hyungsub Kim & Caroline S. Lee

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea

    Sooyeun Kim

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93, Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, South Korea

    Doo-Man Chun

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Minoru Taya

  6. Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea

    Won-Shik Chu & Sung-Hoon Ahn

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  1. Sung-Ik Park
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Correspondence to Won-Shik Chu or Sung-Hoon Ahn.

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Sung-Ik Park and Ying-Jun Quan contributed equally to this work

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Park, SI., Quan, YJ., Kim, SH. et al. A review on fabrication processes for electrochromic devices. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 3, 397–421 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-016-0049-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-016-0049-8

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