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Impacts of combined drought and high-temperature stress on growth, physiology, and yield of crops

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Abstract

Globally, abiotic stresses can reduce the grain yield by more than 50% of the crop’s potential yield. In the current and future climates, combined drought and high-temperature stress will affect the global food system. In this review, the effects of combined drought and high-temperature stress on growth, anatomy, physiology, and yield were discussed. The first physiological effect in plants under combined drought and high-temperature stress was reduced water uptake and increased canopy temperature through reduced stomatal conductance. In most of the combined stresses, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed because it was involved in the cell signalling process and activation of the defence process. Studies proved that enhanced ROS production under combined drought and high-temperature stress is associated with membrane damage through lipid peroxidation, resulting in a decreased photosynthetic rate. The decreased carbon assimilation is associated with increased photoinhibition, RuBisco (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) deactivation, disruptions in electron transport and damage to chloroplast ultrastructure. However, combined drought and high-temperature stress increased the respiration rate. The decreased synthesis and an increased utilization of carbohydrates under combined stresses can result in decreased crop growth and grain yield. Under combined stress, various reproductive processes viz., micro- and mega-sporogenesis, anthesis, pollination and fertilisation, embryo and seed development were adversely affected. Response to combined stress is complex and involves the contribution of various signalling molecules, transcription factors, hormones, and secondary metabolites for tolerance or susceptibility, and these factors have to be studied in detail for the development of combined stress-tolerant genotypes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India

    K. A. Mumithra Kamatchi, K. Anitha, K. Arun Kumar, A. Senthil, M. K. Kalarani & M. Djanaguiraman

  2. Directorate of Crop Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India

    M. K. Kalarani

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Conceptualization, DM, SA, AK, KAMK, and KAK, supervision, SA, MKK, and DM; writing - original draft, AK and DM; writing - review and editing, DM, SA, AK, KA, MK, and KAK. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Kamatchi, K.A.M., Anitha, K., Kumar, K.A. et al. Impacts of combined drought and high-temperature stress on growth, physiology, and yield of crops. Plant Physiol. Rep. 29, 28–36 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-023-00754-4

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