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Chromosome numbers in Homalolepis Turcz. and their significance in Simaroubaceae evolution

  • Genetics & Evolutionary Biology - Original Article
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Abstract

Homalolepis was described by Turczaninow in 1848 and reestablished by Devecchi et al. in 2018, enclosing mostly the extra-Amazonian species previously included in two sections of Simaba Aubl.. We performed the first cytogenetic analysis in Homalolepis and, by surveying chromosome numbers of other Simaroubaceae representatives, reconstructed the evolution of chromosome numbers in the family, using ChromEvol software. The four Homalolepis species showed 2n = 32 and two or four CMA+ bands. In situ hybridization showed a diverse distribution of ribosomal DNA sites (5S and 18S), positioned on the same chromosome pair in H. floribunda (A. St.-Hil.) Devecchi & Pirani or on different chromosome pairs in H. arenaria (Devecchi & Pirani) Devecchi & Pirani. The basic chromosome number here indicated for Simaroubaceae is x = 12, from which chromosome numbers of other genera were derived by ascending dysploidy, with polyploidy occurring in Ailanthus Desf. only. Homalolepis presents x = 16, derived by ascending disploidy.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP—Grants # 2014/18002-2 and # 2016/06572-4). The authors thank Espaço da Escrita—Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa—UNICAMP—for the language services provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of São Paulo, SPF Herbarium, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil

    María V. Romero-da-Cruz, Marcelo F. Devecchi & José R. Pirani

  2. Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil

    Rafael Guimarães & Eliana R. Forni-Martins

  3. Department of Biology, Science Center, Federal University of Ceará–UFC, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-900, Brazil

    Rafael Guimarães

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  1. María V. Romero-da-Cruz
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  2. Rafael Guimarães
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Contributions

Conceptualization: ERFM, MVRC and JRP; Methodology: ERFM, MVRC, MFD and RG; Formal analysis and investigation: ERFM, MVRC and RG; Writing—original draft preparation: ERFM, MVRC and RG; Writing—review and editing: all authors; Funding acquisition: ERFM and JRP; Supervision: ERFM. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Eliana R. Forni-Martins.

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Romero-da-Cruz, M.V., Guimarães, R., Devecchi, M.F. et al. Chromosome numbers in Homalolepis Turcz. and their significance in Simaroubaceae evolution. Braz. J. Bot 45, 93–101 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-021-00729-5

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