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Fibroblast—Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Tissue Fibrosis

  • Matrix Pathobiology (Youhua Liu, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Pathobiology Reports

Abstract

Activated myofibroblasts are key effector cells in tissue fibrosis. Emerging evidence suggests that myofibroblasts infiltrating fibrotic tissues originate predominantly from local mesenchyme-derived populations. Alterations in the extracellular matrix network play an important role in modulating fibroblast phenotype and function. In a pro-inflammatory environment, generation of matrix fragments may induce a matrix-degrading fibroblast phenotype. Deposition of ED-A fibronectin plays an important role in myofibroblast transdifferentiation. In fibrotic tissues, the matrix is enriched with matricellular macromolecules that regulate growth factor-mediated responses and modulate protease activation. This manuscript discusses emerging concepts on the role of the extracellular matrix in regulation of fibroblast behavior.

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Acknowledgments

Dr Frangogiannis’ laboratory is supported by NIH Grants R01 HL76246 and R01 HL85440.

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  1. Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis

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Correspondence to Nikolaos G. Frangogiannis.

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Frangogiannis, N.G. Fibroblast—Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Tissue Fibrosis. Curr Pathobiol Rep 4, 11–18 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40139-016-0099-1

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