Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) is a widely used surfactant constituent in detergents and cosmetics. However, its accumulation in the soil and aquatic habitats could be detrimental to their corresponding flora and fauna. Thus, its bioremediation by suitable microbes is crucial. The current study aims at evaluating the bioremediation properties of the endophytic bacterial strains isolated from the two Indian medicinal plants: Cuminum cyminum and Foeniculum vulgare. Medicinal plants are a rich source of numerous bioactive compounds having several therapeutic benefits. Thus, when it comes to the endosymbiotic microbiome thriving in them, aka the endophytic bacteria/fungi, there is a whole new field of research to explore regarding their metabolite potential and adaptive mechanisms. Initial screening was done by employing enrichment technique wherein SDS at a concentration of 1 g l–1 was the only carbon source. Out of 24 endophytic strains, 3 strains S8, S9 and R6 were detected to have SDS degrading capabilities. This was confirmed by the presence of clearance zones on the agar plate that substantiates the strain’s ability to degrade and intake of SDS. These 3 isolates and a positive control, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, were further subjected to higher concentrations of SDS ranging from 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g l–1, to check the state of its degradation. The results were remarkable as it represented strain R6 was able to degrade higher concentration of SDS present in the medium, hence confirming that this can be used for environmental degradation of SDS. The S8 and R6 strains were identified as Pseudomona sp. based on 16 s rRNA sequencing technique.
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This study was funded by PES University under the student project category.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by all the authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Vaishali S, Siddharth S and Keshav Sherikar. The final draft and editing was done by Dr. Sasmita Sabat. All the authors read and approve the content of the manuscript and approved for publication.
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Significance Statement
The study focus on the role of endophytes present in symbiotic association with the plant found to be effective and help in reduction of toxic detergents present in the soil to less toxic form. This investigation is able to provide improved and convenient bioremediation technique in the treatment of SDS.
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S, V., Siddharth, S., Sherikar, K. et al. Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Indian Spices: An Efficient Bioremediation Agent for the Degradation of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 93, 195–203 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-022-01412-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-022-01412-9