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Graphene oxide–bismuth tungstate (GO–Bi2WO6) nanocomposite as a green adsorbent for lead removal: isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic study

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Abstract

In this paper, graphene oxide–bismuth tungstate (GO–Bi2WO6) nanocomposite was synthesized and used as an efficient and green adsorbent for the removal of Pb2+. Bi2WO6 nanoplates were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and then used for modifying of graphene oxide. To characterize of the synthesized adsorbent, Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), electron-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) were used. By optimization of critical parameters including pH of sample solution, amounts of adsorbent and contact time, it was revealed that pH = 5.0, 20 mg adsorbent and 20 min contact time provide above 94% removal percentage for 50 mg L−1 Pb2+. Different adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich were investigated, and the results show that the adsorption of Pb2+ followed by the Freundlich isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 128 mg g−1. Also, interpretation of different kinetic models shows that adsorption of Pb2+ is followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Finally, the results of thermodynamic analysis show that adsorption of Pb2+ onto the GO–Bi2WO6 nanocomposite is endothermic and spontaneous process (ΔH ˃ 0, ΔG < 0) and desirable at higher temperatures.

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Acknowledgments

Authors wish to thank the University of Neyshabur for its financial support (Grant Number: 25783).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran

    T. Saadati & M. Eftekhari

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University, P.O. Box, Mashhad, 91775-1111, Iran

    N. Rezazadeh

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    M. K. Nazarabad

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  1. T. Saadati
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  2. M. Eftekhari
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  3. N. Rezazadeh
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Correspondence to M. Eftekhari.

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Editorial responsibility: R Saravanan.

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Saadati, T., Eftekhari, M., Rezazadeh, N. et al. Graphene oxide–bismuth tungstate (GO–Bi2WO6) nanocomposite as a green adsorbent for lead removal: isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic study. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 1301–1314 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04627-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04627-5

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