Abstract
Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB) encodes βC1 protein that induces disease symptoms in different monopartite begomovirus/betasatellite complexes. Iranian isolate of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV[Ab]) is a monopartite begomovirus without any associated betasatellite. It causes either no or mild symptoms in Nicotiana glutinosa. At the present study, the possibility of symptom induction by CLCuMuB-encoded βC1 was investigated by employing TYLCV[Ab]/N. glutinosa pathosystem. N. glutinosa plants were agroinoculated with TYLCV[Ab], TYLCV[Ab] + CLCuMuB and TYLCV[Ab] + CLCuMuBΔC1 (deleted βC1 ORF). The expression level of two defensive genes, NPR1 and CAT1 was determined at 10 and 40 days' post-inoculation (dpi) using quantitative real time-PCR. The transcription level of CAT1 remained unchanged, while NPR1 expression was upregulated upon agroinoculation by TYLCV[Ab] + CLCuMuB. As a positive regulator of SA-dependent gene expression, NPR1 transcript level in plants agroinoculated with TYLCV[Ab] + CLCuMuB was 2 and 1.9-fold higher than that in plants agroinoculated with TYLCV[Ab] or TYLCV[Ab] + CLCuMuBΔC1 at 10 dpi, respectively. NPR1 transcript level was also found to be 1.8 and 1.7-fold higher at 40 dpi. Furthermore, disease symptoms were evaluated in the plants pre-treated with jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) hormones. Symptoms severity was significantly decreased in plants infected with TYLCV[Ab] + CLCuMuB when plants were pre-treated by JA, while pre-treatment with SA led to an increase in disease symptoms. As a result, the increased transcript level of a positive regulator of SA-dependent gene (NPR1) and severe symptoms caused by the spraying of SA suggest that βC1 induces disease symptoms in N. glutinosa through a SA-dependent pathway.
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Abbreviations
- CLCuMuB:
-
Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite
- TYLCV[Ab]:
-
Iranian isolate of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus
- NPR1 :
-
Non-expresser of Pathogenesis-Related genes 1
- CAT1 :
-
Catalase 1
- SA:
-
Salicylic acid
- JA:
-
Jasmonic acid
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Tabein, S., Tahmasebi, A. & Behjatnia, S.A.A. Induction of disease symptoms of a non-cognate helper begomovirus by CLCuMB βC1 through the salicylic acid-dependent pathway. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 32, 356–362 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-022-00814-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-022-00814-0