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Bioeffects of Zn and Cu Nanoparticles in Soil Systems

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Abstract

Objective: Nanoparticles have ecotoxicological pote-n tial into the environment. The purpose of this paper is a comparative assessment of the effect of Zn and Cu nanoparticles on Eisenia fetida and the activity of soil exo enzymes under the conditions of a model experiment.

Methods: Morpho-functional indices of E. fetida were studied when 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of soil was applied to the soil. Calculation of bioaccumulation, the degree of absorption and rate of accumulation of zinc and copper in the body of E. fetida was determined. Also, the activity of soil enzymes was investigated. In the experiment, was using metal nanoparticles Zn and Cu were used in concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg in natural soil. Was the study of the effects of NPs, copper and zinc on parameters E. fetida and the level of the soil exoenzymes were carried out.

Results: The weight of the earthworm increased with soil contamination of CuNPs and decreased against the background of the introduction of ZnNPs. The indicators of the activity system of the enzymes earthworms were sensitive to the effects of metal nanopar-ticles. Soil enzymes showed selective sensitivity to the introduction of nanoparticles. Suppression of urease was observed when the soil was contaminated with CuNPs, and catalase - ZnNPs in a dose of more than 50 mg/kg. Invertase showed sensitivity at contamination with metals at a dose of 200 mg/kg and more.

Conclusion: Thus, the entry into the environment and the further deposition of nanoparticles Zn and Cu in the soil will lead to the suppression of the vital activity of the beneficiary soil animals and the activity of soil enzymes involved in cycle C and N. This is a phenomenon is a special kind of ecological risks for the ecosystem.

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Acknowledgments

The study was carried out with the financial support on research work for 2019-2020 at the Federal Research Center for Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies (No 0761-2019-0003).

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  1. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Research Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of RAS, st. 9 Yanvarya, 29, Orenburg, 46000, Russia

    Lyudmila Galaktionova, Irina Gavrish & Svyatoslav Lebedev

  2. Orenburg State University, Orenburg, pr. Pobedy, 13, 460018, Russia

    Lyudmila Galaktionova & Svyatoslav Lebedev

Authors
  1. Lyudmila Galaktionova
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Correspondence to Irina Gavrish.

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Galaktionova L. declares that she has no conflicts of interest. Gavrish I. declares that she has no conflicts of interest. Lebedev S. declares that he has no conflicts of interest.

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Galaktionova, L., Gavrish, I. & Lebedev, S. Bioeffects of Zn and Cu Nanoparticles in Soil Systems. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci. 11, 259–270 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13530-019-0413-5

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