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Green approach on pretreatment of rice straw using deep eutectic solvent for lignin recovery and efficient hydrolysis

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Abstract

The use of green processes to recover valuable products from lignocellulosic biomass has gained attention in recent years. In this work, rice straw biomass was pretreated using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), composed of naturally occurring reagents, namely, choline chloride (ChCl) and L-( +)-tartaric acid (TA). The NADES-ChCl/TA was investigated as a potential solvent for the fractionation of rice straw into cellulose-enriched material (CEM) with simultaneous lignin recovery. During the process development, the variables considered were temperature, time, and DES concentration with the experimental range of 96–140 °C, 100–180 min, and 14–40 v/v%, respectively. The experimental design facilitates the mixing of NADES-ChCl/TA with water, resulting in a lower viscosity of NADES which enables effective contact of NADES with rice straw biomass. The qualitative assessment of lignin removal from rice straw was observed using ATR/FT-IR spectra and X-ray diffraction. The pretreated rice straw during enzymatic hydrolysis showed a 6.5 times higher fermentable sugar yield than the untreated sample. The NADES-ChCl/TA showed excellent recyclability up to 8 cycles. The designed process could be considered a viable alternative to conventional biorefinery processes.

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Acknowledgements

S.L.S. thanks CSIR, India, for their Ph.D. fellowship (09/1001(0090)/2021-EMR-I). This work was supported by the Ministry of Education (India) and the Department of Science and Technology (India) under the FIST program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India

    Shiva Lall Sunar & Tarun K. Panda

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India

    Debraj Bhattacharyya

  3. Centre for Interdisciplinary Programs, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India

    Debraj Bhattacharyya & Gayathri Vanniappan

Authors
  1. Shiva Lall Sunar
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  2. Debraj Bhattacharyya
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  3. Gayathri Vanniappan
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  4. Tarun K. Panda
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Contributions

Shiva Lall Sunar: conceptualization, methodology, data curation, formal analysis, software, writing—original draft. Gayathri Vanniappan: formal analysis. Debraj Bhattacharyya: conceptualization, supervision, project administration, resources, writing—review and editing. Tarun K. Panda: conceptualization, supervision, project administration, resources, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Debraj Bhattacharyya or Tarun K. Panda.

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Supplementary Information

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13399_2024_5634_MOESM1_ESM.docx

Supplementary file1 Supplementary Information: Tables showing the 20 experimental runs, ANOVA details for NADES-ChCl/TA pretreatment study, figure—ATR-FTIR Characterization of (a) raw NADES-ChCl/TA and (b) recycled NADES-ChCl/TA, 2D HSQC NMR spectra of NADES-ChCl/TA isolated lignin and the side-chain (50.00–90.00/2.40–5.70) regions in the 2D HSQC NMR spectra of isolated lignin. (DOCX 258 KB)

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Sunar, S.L., Bhattacharyya, D., Vanniappan, G. et al. Green approach on pretreatment of rice straw using deep eutectic solvent for lignin recovery and efficient hydrolysis. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05634-x

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