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Numerical Investigation of a Dual Fuel Engine Fueled by Diesel-Acetylene and Biodiesel-Acetylene with Modified Piston Bowl Geometry

  • Research Article-Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract

Engine component design optimization plays an important role in enhancing the performance and emission characteristics of internal combustion engines. It has already been demonstrated that biodiesel-fueled compression ignition engines emit lower levels of emissions. The present work involves optimizing toroidal piston bowl geometry, in order to improve performance, emission, and combustion characteristics in dual fuel mode using diesel-acetylene and biodiesel-acetylene. The turbulence-creating tendency is utilized for optimizing piston bowl geometry to induce homogeneous mixture creation in the combustion chamber. To optimize the piston geometry physically is a time- and cost-consuming process, so the ANSYS-FLUENT CFD code is used to simulate the modified piston bowl geometries, where 1-, 1.5-, and 2-mm-diameter helical holes are placed in the surface of the crown to induce turbulence in the combustion chamber. Furthermore, 3, 4, and 5 holes are drilled in the crown surface for each diameter. The selection of optimum number of holes is carried out based on the analysis of turbulent intensity contours and the optimum hole diameter selection is based on the turbulent kinetic energy distribution. The results of the simulations show that the piston bowl of a diesel-acetylene fueled dual fuel engine with 5 holes of 1-mm-diameter piston geometry induces more turbulence than the other piston bowl geometries. Moreover, when compared to the other piston bowl geometries, the biodiesel-acetylene fueled dual fuel engine piston bowl with 5 holes of 2-mm-diameter piston geometry induces more turbulence.

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Abbreviations

aTDC:

After top dead center

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

bTDC:

Before top dead center

CAD:

Computer-aided design

CI:

Compression ignition

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CNG:

Compressed Natural Gas

EFI:

End of the fuel injection

HC:

Hydrocarbon

HCC:

Hemispherical combustion chamber

IVC:

Intake valve close

IC:

Internal combustion

LPH:

Liters per hour

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

LPM:

Liters per minute

MAB:

Microalgae biodiesel

NOx:

Oxides of nitrogen

RNG:

Re-Normalized Group

SCC:

Shallow depth combustion chamber

SFI:

Start of the fuel injection

SI:

Spark ignition

TCC:

Toroidal combustion chamber

TKE:

Turbulent kinetic energy

TDC:

Top dead center

⍴ :

Density

c d :

Nozzle's discharge coefficient

D d,stable :

Stable droplet diameter

D d :

Instantaneous droplet diameter

e :

Specific internal energy

k :

Turbulent kinetic energy

K c :

Form loss coefficient

K ε :

Empirical coefficient

L :

Hole length

p :

Pressure

q i :

Diffusive heat flux

Q H :

Heat source or sink per unit volume

S i :

Mass-distributed external force per unit mass

t b :

Characteristics time scale

U :

Average injection velocity

u :

Fluid velocity

ε :

Turbulence dissipation rate

μ t :

Turbulent viscosity

μ :

Dynamic viscosity

τ ij :

Viscous shear stress tensor

h :

Thermal enthalpy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India

    G. Babusankar, V. Manieniyan & S. Sivaprakasam

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  1. G. Babusankar
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  2. V. Manieniyan
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Contributions

G. Babusankar carried out the design of the work and Data collection; V. Manieniyan has done the data analysis, interpretation and drafting of the article; S. Sivaprakasam was involved in the critical revision of the article and Final approval of the version to be published.

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Correspondence to V. Manieniyan.

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Babusankar, G., Manieniyan, V. & Sivaprakasam, S. Numerical Investigation of a Dual Fuel Engine Fueled by Diesel-Acetylene and Biodiesel-Acetylene with Modified Piston Bowl Geometry. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 3783–3795 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-07254-x

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