Abstract
In this work, we evaluated the removal efficiency of diclofenac by Chlorella vulgaris OW-01, Nannochloropsis oculata CCAP 849/7, Scenedesmus acutus UTEX 72, and Scenedesmus obliquus CCAP 276/2. Each microalga was grown in media with different concentrations (50 and 100% of the original formulation) of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, to evaluate their effect on the removal of diclofenac. We also evaluated the photodegradation of diclofenac under the same conditions. The diclofenac removed from the media ranged from 59 to 92%, obtaining the highest removal with S. obliquus. The diclofenac adsorbed on the cell walls ranged from 12.2 to 26.5%, obtaining the highest adsorption with S. obliquus. The diclofenac degraded by light ranged from 15 to 28%. The nutrient deficit showed no influence on the removal of diclofenac in any of the microalgae under study. These results indicate that S. obliquus is the best alternative for the bioremediation of diclofenac.
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Acknowledgements
Sincere thanks are due to Dr. Roberto Rico Martínez from the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes for kindly providing the microalgae used in this project and to Dra. Luz María Teresita Paz Maldonado from the Bioreactors Engineering Laboratory at the Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí for providing equipment to perform the necessary analyses in this project. Also thanks to the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) for the grant awarded with registration number 252858.
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SS: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing-original draft, visualization. GO: resources, formal analysis, writing-review and editing. GC: and VM: resources, writing-review and editing, supervision. SG: conceptualization, validation, resources, writing-review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition.
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Sánchez-Sandoval, D.S., González-Ortega, O., Vazquez-Martínez, J. et al. Diclofenac removal by the microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis oculata, Scenedesmus acutus, and Scenedesmus obliquus. 3 Biotech 12, 210 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03268-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-022-03268-2