Abstract
Okra enation leaf curl is a newly emerging disease in commercial okra cultivation fields in Northern Sri Lanka. The present study aimed to identify and characterize the causative begomovirus and associated satellites. Okra plants showing the enation leaf curl disease symptoms were collected from Vavuniya and Jaffna districts of Northern Province. The PCR diagnostic and genome sequencing revealed that the symptomatic okra plants are associated with begomovirus, betasatellite, and alphasatellite complex. The begomovirus isolates shared 98.2–99.7% nucleotide identity with Okra enation leaf curl virus. The betasatellites showed 96–98.8% nucleotide identity with Bhendi yellow vein mosaic betasatellite which is usually associated with Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease. Two distinct alphasatellite species, Okra leaf curl alphasatellite and Bhendi yellow vein mosaic alphasatellite, were identified in leaf samples with enation leaf curl disease. The disease was transmitted by whiteflies from diseased plants to healthy plants. Hybrid varieties were more susceptible to the disease compared to cultivated varieties.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Mr. P.T.J. Jashothan, Technical Officer, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Jaffna for valuable technical supports.
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This work was supported by the University Jaffna, Sri Lanka, under the university research grant (URG/2017/SEIT/01).
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ECJ and MWS conceived and designed the experiments. ECJ and SM conducted laboratory experiments. ECJ performed all the bioinformatics analysis. ECJ prepared the manuscript. MWS edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Supplementary file2 Figure S1. Neighbor-Net constructed from alignment of the sequences. (a) A Neighbor-Net constructed from an alignment of the OELCuV sequences with the sequences of the genomes (or DNA A components) of selected other begomoviruses. (b) A Neighbor-Net constructed from an alignment of the BYVMB sequences with the sequences of the genomes of selected other betasatellites. (c) A Neighbor-Net constructed from an alignment of the aphasatellites sequences of present study with the sequences of the genomes of selected other aphasatellites (PDF 349 kb)
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Emmanuel, C.J., Manohara, S. & Shaw, M.W. Molecular characterization of begomovirus–betasatellite–alphasatellite complex associated with okra enation leaf curl disease in Northern Sri Lanka. 3 Biotech 10, 506 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02502-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02502-z