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Comparison of microwave-assisted techniques for the extraction of antioxidants from Citrus paradisi Macf. biowastes

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Abstract

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and solvent-free microwave extraction and Soxhlet extraction were applied to Ray Ruby grapefruit leaves (Citrus paradisi Macf.) to compare extract efficiency. Face centered composite designs were constructed via response surface methodology. Effects of factors of MAE were investigated on total phenolic content (TPC) and naringin content (NC). The optimized conditions were established as 1.4 kWL−1 for microwave power density, 20.00 gL−1 for solid/solvent ratio, 218.180 s for extraction time, while responses were calculated as 14.210 mg of gallic acid equivalent per g of the dried leaf (mg GAE g−1DL) and 13.198 mg of naringin per g of dried leaf (mg Ng−1DL) for TPC and NC, respectively. SFME and classical Soxhlet methods were also conducted for comparison reasons.

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Funding

This study was supported by Istanbul University Research Fund (BAP, Project No. 3426). All authors thank BAP for support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Faculty, Department of Chemical Engineering, Uşak University, 64200, Uşak, Turkey

    Zeynep Ciğeroğlu

  2. Engineering Faculty, Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Mahmut Bayramoğlu

  3. Engineering Faculty, Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320, Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey

    Şah İsmail Kırbaşlar & Selin Şahin

Authors
  1. Zeynep Ciğeroğlu
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  2. Mahmut Bayramoğlu
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  3. Şah İsmail Kırbaşlar
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  4. Selin Şahin
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Correspondence to Zeynep Ciğeroğlu.

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Ciğeroğlu, Z., Bayramoğlu, M., Kırbaşlar, Ş.İ. et al. Comparison of microwave-assisted techniques for the extraction of antioxidants from Citrus paradisi Macf. biowastes. J Food Sci Technol 58, 1190–1198 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04632-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-020-04632-x

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