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The Effect of P Enrichment on Exudate Quantity and Bioavailability - a Comparison of Two Macrophyte Species

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Abstract

We compared exudation and rhizosphere microbial activity of two macrophytes growing in tropical marshes. Eleocharis spp. are adapted to low nutrient level in phosphorus limited conditions, while Typha domingensis is a strong competitor in nutrient enriched areas. In situ measurements of carbon fluxes from roots to interstitial water and 13C partitioning after pulse-labelling of the plants in a mesocosm experiment were used to estimate root-derived C fluxes to rhizosphere under P limited and enriched conditions. Root-released compounds collected in the field were analysed for dissolved organic C, dissolved nitrogen and their biodegradability was characterized through microbial respiration, N mineralization and phosphatase activity. Independent of P loading, Eleocharis released more C from roots than T. domingensis, and the released compounds were more biodegradable. The two species responded to P enrichment differently. While Eleocharis invested more assimilated 13C to the belowground (roots, rhizomes and rhizodepositions) after P fertilization, in T. domingensis the belowground investment decreased. The effect of plant species on belowground C allocation was larger than the effect of P enrichment. Low nutrients adapted Eleocharis invested more carbon into exudation and promotion of its rhizosphere microbial community while competitive T. domingensis spent more fixed carbon on its own growth and metabolism.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank to Irenio Briceno and Russel King for their assistance in the field and to Emily Carlson, Tereza Říhová and Daniel Vaněk for their laboratory assistance. Language correction by Stephanie Castle is greatly appreciated. This research was supported by the following grants: National Science Foundation ( NSF # 0089211) to E.R.; Ministry of Youth Sports and Education (ME 912 and LM2015075) and Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia (GA JU 146/2013P) to H.Š.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Hana Šantrůčková, Jaroslava Kubešová & Eva Kaštovská

  2. Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Jiří Šantrůček

  3. University of California Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Eliška Rejmánková

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  1. Hana Šantrůčková
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  2. Jaroslava Kubešová
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  3. Jiří Šantrůček
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  4. Eva Kaštovská
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  5. Eliška Rejmánková
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Correspondence to Hana Šantrůčková.

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Šantrůčková, H., Kubešová, J., Šantrůček, J. et al. The Effect of P Enrichment on Exudate Quantity and Bioavailability - a Comparison of Two Macrophyte Species. Wetlands 36, 789–798 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0785-0

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