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Upwelling off the west coast of Hainan Island: sensitivity to wave-mixing

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Abstract

The coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) modeling system is employed to investigate the role of wave-mixing playing in the upwelling off the west coast of Hainan Island (WHU). Waves, tides and sea surface temperature (SST) are reproduced reasonably well by the model when validated by observations. Model results suggest the WHU is tidally driven. Further investigations indicate that inclusion of wave-mixing promotes the intensity of the WHU, making the simulated SST become more consistent with remote-sensed ones. Dynamically, wave-mixing facilitates the “outcrop” of more upwelled cold water, triggering stronger WHU and leading to a three-dimensional dynamical adjustment. From the perspective of time, wave-mixing contributes to establishing an earlier tidal mixing front strong enough to generate WHU and that is, WHU may occur earlier when taking wave-mixing into consideration.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions which have contributed to the great improvement of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China

    Peng Bai, Jingling Yang, Shuwen Zhang & Lingling Xie

  2. East China Sea Bureau of Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai, 200137, China

    Junshan Wu

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  1. Peng Bai
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  2. Jingling Yang
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  3. Shuwen Zhang
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  4. Lingling Xie
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  5. Junshan Wu
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Correspondence to Jingling Yang.

Additional information

Foundation item: The Program for Scientific Research Start-up Funds of Guangdong Ocean University under contract No. 101302/R18001; the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No. 2016YFC1401403; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41476009 and 41776034.

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Bai, P., Yang, J., Zhang, S. et al. Upwelling off the west coast of Hainan Island: sensitivity to wave-mixing. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 38, 11–19 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-019-1494-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-019-1494-3

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