Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Phase Evolution Mechanism of Cu2Se Compound During Mechanical Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering Process

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article reports the evolution of Cu2Se thermoelectric compound during high-energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering process. The elemental copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) powders with appropriate stoichiometric ratios (Cu 66.66 at.% and Se 33.34 at.%) were milled in the high-energy ball mill at different milling times. The XRD studies of the ball-milled powders show the phase evolution with increasing milling time. The XRD analysis of 1, 5, 10 and 20 h mechanically milled powders is identified as Cu + Se, CuSe + Cu + Se, Cu3Se2 + Cu and β-Cu2Se phases, respectively. Diffusion-controlled reaction mechanism is proposed for the formation of β-Cu2Se phase after multiple intermediate phases. DTA studies also report the phase formation of α-Cu2Se from the elemental powder and intermediate phases. Spark plasma-sintered sample has shown the formation of α-Cu2Se compound irrespective of the milling time and initial phase.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yang C -T, Hsiang H -I, and Tu J -H, Adv Powder Technol 27 (2016) 959.

  2. Rau H, and Rabenau A, J Solid State Chem 1 (1970) 515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Koren B, Friedman O, Maman N, Hayun S, Ezersky V, and Golan Y, RSC Adv 12 (2022) 277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Gulay L, Daszkiewicz M, Strok O, and Pietraszko A, Chem Met Alloy (2011) 200.

  5. Li M, Cortie D L, Liu J, Yu D, Islam S M K N, Zhao L, Mitchell D R G, Mole R A, Cortie M B, Dou S, and Wang X, Nano Energy 53 (2018) 993.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ducka A, Trawiński B, Bochentyn B, Dubiel A, and Kusz B, Mater Res Bull 133 (2021) 111042.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Singh V V, and Singh A K, Dalt Trans 44 (2015) 725.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhao K, Guan M, Qiu P, Blichfeld A B, Eikeland E, Zhu C, Ren D, Xu F, Iversen B B, Shi X, and Chen L, J Mater Chem A 6 (2018) 6977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Shi D, Geng Z, Shi L, Li Y, and Lam K, J Mater Chem C 8 (2020) 10221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Li M, Islam S M K N, Yahyaoglu M, Pan D, Shi X, Chen L, Aydemir U, and Wang X, InfoMat 1 (2019) 108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Yu J, Zhao K, Qiu P, Shi X, and Chen L, Ceram Int 43 (2017) 11142.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Hu Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li X- J, and Song H, J Alloys Compd 813 (2020) 152204

  13. Hu Q, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Li X- J, Song H, and Zhang Y, J Mater Chem A 6 (2018) 23417

  14. Liu K, Liu H, Wang J, and Shi L, J Alloys Compd 484 (2009) 674.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Liao W -W, Yang L, Chen J, Zhou D -L, Qu X, Zheng K, Han G, Zhou J -B, Hong M, and Chen Z -G, Chem Eng J 371 (2019) 593.

  16. Yang L, Chen Z -G, Han G, Hong M, Zou Y, and Zou J, Nano Energy 16 (2015) 367.

  17. Liu W, Shen L, Shai X, Sun L, Lu J, Chen J, Ge W, and Deng S, CrystEngComm 21 (2019) 6850.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu W, Shen L, Shai X, Tang Y, Chen Z, Sun L, Ge W, and Deng S, J Alloys Compd 791 (2019) 60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Su X, Fu F, Yan Y, Zheng G, Liang T, Zhang Q, Cheng X, Yang D, Chi H, Tang X, and Uher C, Nat Commun 5 (2014) 1.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Zhao K, Duan H, Raghavendra N, Qiu P, Zeng Y, Zhang W, Yang J, Shi X, and Chen L, Adv Mater 29 (2017) 1701148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhao L, Wang X, Fei F Y, Wang J, Cheng Z, Dou S, Wang J, and Snyder G J, J Mater Chem A 3 (2015) 9432.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ji Y -H, Ge Z -H, Li Z, and Feng J, J Alloys Compd 680 (2016) 273.

  23. Ohtani T, Motoki M, Koh K, and Ohshima K, Mater Res Bull 30 (1995) 1495.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Schilz J, Riffel M, Pixius K, and Meyer H -J, Powder Technol 105 (1999) 149.

  25. Li J, Liu G, Wu X, He G, Yang Z, and Li J, Ceram Int 44 (2018) 22172.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Glazov V M, Pashinkin A S, and Fedorov V A, Inorg Mater 36 (2000) 641.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Murugasami R, Vivekanandhan P, Kumaran S, Kumar R S, and Tharakan T J, Adv Powder Technol 28 (2017) 506.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Cullity B D, Elements of X-ray Diffraction, Addison-Wesley Publishing (1956).

  29. Yang L, Chen Z -G, Han G, Hong M, and Zou J, Acta Mater 113 (2016) 140

  30. Taghvaei A H, Ghajari F, Markó D, and Prashanth K D, J Magn Magn Mater 395 (2015) 354.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Varol T, and Canakci A, Powder Technol 246 (2013) 462.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Vivekanandhan P, Murugasami R, Kalahasti V R S S, and Kumaran S, Powder Technol 319 (2017) 129.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Green Energy Materials and Manufacturing Research Group, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 015, India

    Thangavel N & Kumaran S

Authors
  1. Thangavel N
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kumaran S
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kumaran S.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

N, T., S, K. Phase Evolution Mechanism of Cu2Se Compound During Mechanical Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering Process. Trans Indian Inst Met 76, 937–944 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-022-02773-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-022-02773-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation