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Microbial Diversity of Deep-sea Sediments from Three Newly Discovered Hydrothermal Vent Fields in the Central Indian Ridge

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Abstract

Since the discovery of hydrothermal vents in the late 1970s, deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields have attracted great attention as biological hotspots. However, compared with other ocean ridges, the structure and function of microbial communities inhabiting vent fields in the Central Indian ridge (CIR) remain understudied. Here, we provide for the first time 16S rRNA gene-based comparative metagenomic analysis of the sediment-associated microbial communities from three newly discovered vent fields in the CIR. Sediment samples collected in the Invent B, Invent E and Onnuri vent fields varied in geochemical properties, elemental concentrations and associated microbial communities. Proteobacteria (Gammaproteobacteria) was the dominant phylum in Invent B and Onnuri vent fields. In contrast, Invent E mainly consisted of Chloroflexi and Euryarchaeota. Predicted functional profiling revealed that the microbial communities in the three vents are dominated by chemoheterotrophic functions. In addition, microbial communities capable of respiration of sulfur compounds, nitrification, nitrite oxidation, methylotrophy, and methanotropy were found to be the main chemolithoautotrophs. Compared to other vent fields, Invent E showed a predominance of archaeal methanogens suggesting it exhibits slightly different geochemistry. Multivariate analysis indicated that the biogeochemical and trace metal differences are reflected in the sediment microbial compositions of the three vent fields. This study expands our current understanding of the microbial community structure and potential ecological functions of the newly discovered hydrothermal vent fields in the CIR.

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Data Availability

The raw Illumina sequences generated for this study can be found in the NCBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) under Bio Project number PRJNA751690.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries Republic of Korea, as part of the project titled “Understanding the deep-sea biosphere on seafloor hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ridge” (Grant No. 20170411). We would also like to thank all the cruise members of R/V ISABU conducted by Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) in 2019.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea

    Teddy Namirimu, Mi-Jeong Park, Yun Jae Kim, Jung-Hyun Lee & Kae Kyoung Kwon

  2. Submajor of Marine Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea

    Teddy Namirimu, Mi-Jeong Park, Yun Jae Kim, Jung-Hyun Lee & Kae Kyoung Kwon

  3. Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea

    Dhongil Lim

  4. Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea

    Dhongil Lim

  5. Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, 49111, Republic of Korea

    Ayoung Shin & Dongsung Kim

Authors
  1. Teddy Namirimu
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  2. Mi-Jeong Park
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  3. Yun Jae Kim
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  4. Dhongil Lim
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  5. Jung-Hyun Lee
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  6. Ayoung Shin
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  7. Dongsung Kim
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  8. Kae Kyoung Kwon
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kae Kyoung Kwon.

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Namirimu, T., Park, MJ., Kim, Y.J. et al. Microbial Diversity of Deep-sea Sediments from Three Newly Discovered Hydrothermal Vent Fields in the Central Indian Ridge. Ocean Sci. J. 58, 11 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-023-00106-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-023-00106-1

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