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Coral-like cobalt selenide/carbon nanosheet arrays attached on carbon nanofibers for high-rate sodium-ion storage

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Abstract

Cobalt selenide (CoSe2) has become a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its stable chemical properties, environmental friendliness, and high theoretical capacity. However, the undesirable rate capacity and cycle stability of the anode materials largely limit its applications for SIBs due to the relatively low electronic conductivity and huge volume change during the Na+ insertion/extraction. In this study, electrostatic spinning combined with a wet chemical method is employed to synthesize coral-like composite material (CNF@c-CoSe2/C), which is composed of CoSe2/carbon nanosheet arrays (CoSe2/C) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs). CoSe2/C nanoflakes derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high surface area and the porous structure can inhibit the pulverization and amorphization of CoSe2 during charge and discharge processes, thus significantly keeping the stability of the microstructure. CNF can limit the overgrowth of nanosheets and serve as a conductive skeleton. Compared to two-dimensional CoSe2/C nanoflakes and pure CoSe2 nanoparticles, the composite can expose more active sites and effectively accelerate the diffusion of Na+, which displays enhanced rate capability (266.5 mAh·g−1 at 5.0 A·g−1) and cycling stability (268.3 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles at 1.0 A·g−1). Moreover, the rational preparation strategy for metal selenide-based heterostructure material presents a new way for high-performance SIBs.

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摘要

硒化钴(CoSe2)因其具有化学性质稳定、环境友好、理论容量大等优点，已成为钠离子电池极具发展前景的负极材料。然而，Na+嵌入/脱出过程中具有相对低的电导率和巨大的体积变化，不理想的速率容量和循环稳定性的负极材料在很大程度上限制了其在钠离子电池中的应用。本研究采用静电纺丝结合湿化学法合成由CoSe2/碳纳米片阵列(CoSe2/C)和碳纳米纤维(CNFs)组成的珊瑚状复合材料(CNF@c-CoSe2/C)。金属有机骨架(MOFs)制备的CoSe2/C纳米片具有高比表面积和多孔结构，可以抑制CoSe2在充放电过程中的粉碎和非晶化，从而显著地保持了微观结构的稳定性。CNF可以限制纳米片的过度生长，并起到导电骨架的作用。与二维CoSe2/C纳米片和纯CoSe2纳米颗粒相比，复合材料能暴露出更多的活性位点，有效加速Na+的扩散，其速率能力增强(5.0 A·g-1时为266.5 mAh·g-1)和循环稳定性增强(1.0 A·g-1时为268.3 mAh·g-1)。此外，硒基异质结构材料的合理制备策略为获得高性能钠离子电池提供了新途径。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51603092 and 21706103), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK20160537 and BK20170549), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019T120393).

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  1. Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China

    Jin-Zhi Hu, Wen-Jie Liu, Ji-Hua Zheng, Guo-Chun Li, Yong-Feng Bu, Fen Qiao, Jia-Biao Lian & Yan Zhao

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China

    Yan Zhao

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Hu, JZ., Liu, WJ., Zheng, JH. et al. Coral-like cobalt selenide/carbon nanosheet arrays attached on carbon nanofibers for high-rate sodium-ion storage. Rare Met. 42, 916–928 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02146-3

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