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Self-supported transition metal oxide electrodes for electrochemical energy storage

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A Correction to this article was published on 21 August 2021

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Abstract

Electrode materials are of decisive importance in determining the performance of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. Typically, the electrode materials are physically mixed with polymer binders and conductive additives, which are then loaded on the current collectors to function in real devices. Such a configuration inevitably reduces the content of active species and introduces quite some undesired interfaces that bring down the energy densities and power capabilities. One viable solution to address this issue is to construct self-supported electrodes where the active species, for example transition metal oxides (TMOs), are directly integrated with conductive substrates without polymer binders and conductive additives. In this review, the recent progress of self-supported TMO-based electrodes for EES devices including lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs), metal-air batteries, and supercapacitors (SCs), is discussed in great detail. The focused attention is firstly concentrated on their structural design and controllable synthesis. Then, the mechanism understanding of the enhanced electrochemical performance is presented. Finally, the challenges and prospects of self-supported TMO-based electrodes are summarized to end this review.

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Fig. 1
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Fig. 3

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [37]. Copyright 2015, Wiley. b CoO@C‐Co on Co foil. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [49]. Copyright 2019, Wiley. c Co-MOF derived Co3O4 on Ti NWAs; Reproduced with permission from Ref. [54]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier. d Co3O4 on SS. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [57]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier

Fig. 4

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [78]. Copyright 2016, The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). b binder-free CuO NSs@MWCNTs [79]. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [79]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier. c 3D NPCu@Cu2O anodes, d SEM micrographs of NPCu foams produced by dealloying Cu50Al50, and e digital picture of Cu50Al50 alloy and NPCu foam. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [80]. Copyright 2013, RSC

Fig. 5

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [23]. Copyright 2020, Wiley. Schematic illustration of the synthesis procedure for e a-Fe2O3@Si@C/CC electrode. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [87]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier. f NiCo2O4 NWAs/carbon textiles composite. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [88]. Copyright 2014, Wiley. g Co@CoOx/HNCNTs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [90]. Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society (ACS). h Illustration and i SEM images of the 3DGN/CuO electrode. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [91]. Copyright 2017, Elsevier

Fig. 6

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [92]. Copyright 2013, ACS. b Schematic illustrations of the electrospinning process and digital photograph of hybrid films during different heat treatment processes; c TEM image of NiFe2O4-CNFs, and inset is HRTEM image of NiFe2O4-CNFs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [93]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier. d Illustration of the BT/C NFs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [94]. Copyright 2019, Wiley. e Illustration of the flexible quasi-solid-state TiO2−x/CNTs//AC/CNTs device (and the corresponding SEM images of flexible TiO2−x/CNTs anode). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [97]. Copyright 2018, Wiley

Fig. 7

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [74]. Copyright 2020, Wiley. e Schematic illustration and SEM images of f flower-type and g sheet-type NiCo2O4/3D-GNF composite. Comparison of h cycle and i rate performances for the two types NiCo2O4 in terms of discharge capacity. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [75]. Copyright 2016, Wiley

Fig. 8

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [156]. Copyright 2016, RSC

Fig. 9

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [161]. Copyright 2016, Wiley. f Cycling performance, g rate performance and h contribution ratios of capacitance- and diffusion-controlled processes at different scan rates of BT/C NFs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [94]. Copyright 2019, Wiley

Fig. 10

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [187]. Copyright 2018, Wiley. e SEM images MCO/MoO2@Ni (inset: HRSEM). Electrochemical characterizations of MCO/MoO2@Ni cathode for Li-O2 batteries: f Cycling performance, g rate performances and h energy efficiency of MCO/MoO2@Ni and MCO/C@Ni cathode. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [190]. Copyright 2018, Wiley. i Configuration of an Al-air coin cell. j Voltage–time, k voltage-specific capacity and l power–current density curves for Co@CoOx/HNCNTs-1 h. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [90]. Copyright 2020, ACS

Fig. 11

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [222]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. f Schematic illustration on the preparation process, g SEM images, and h GCD curves of ZnCo2O4-rGO composite electrode; i cycle abilities of ZnCo2O4-rGO and ZnCo2O4 electrodes, j GCDs at different current densities and k cycle ability of the asymmetric ZnCo2O4-rGO//AC SC. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [168]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier

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Acknowledgements

This work was finally supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21975287), the start-up funding support of China University of Petroleum (East China), Taishan Scholar Project (Grant No. ts201712020), Technological Leading Scholar of 10000 Talent Project (Grant No. W03020508), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. ZR2018ZC1458).

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  1. State Key Lab of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China

    Xiao-Ling Teng, Xi-Tong Sun, Lu Guan, Han Hu & Ming-Bo Wu

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  1. Xiao-Ling Teng
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  3. Lu Guan
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Teng, XL., Sun, XT., Guan, L. et al. Self-supported transition metal oxide electrodes for electrochemical energy storage. Tungsten 2, 337–361 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42864-020-00068-0

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