Abstract
Martensitic transformations, mechanical properties, shape memory effect and superelasticity of Ti–xZr–(30–x)Nb–4Ta (x = 15, 16, 17 and 18; at%) alloys were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results indicated that the Ti–16Zr–14Nb–4Ta, Ti–17Zr–13Nb–4Ta and Ti–18Zr–12Nb–4Ta alloys were mainly composed of α″-martensite, while the Ti–15Zr–15Nb–4Ta alloy was characterized by predominant β phase. The reverse martensitic transformation temperatures increased when Nb was replaced by Zr, indicating stronger β-stabilizing effect for the former. The Ti–15Zr–15Nb–4Ta alloy displayed superelasticity during tensile deformation with a recovery strain of 3.51%. For the other three alloys with higher Zr content, the martensitic reorientation occurred during tensile deformation, resulting in shape memory recovery upon subsequent heating. The maximum shape memory effect was 3.46% in the Ti–18Zr–12Nb–4Ta alloy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Xie JX, Liu JL, Huang HY. Structure design of high-performance Cu-based shape memory alloys. Rare Met. 2015;34(9):607.
Zhang YH, Sun MY, Tang GP, Chen JM, Huang SK. Microstructure and martensitic transformation of cast NiTiNb shape memory alloy with different cooling gradient. Chin J Rare Met. 2018;42(11):1121.
Xin Y, Li Y, Liu ZD. Thermal stability of dual-phase Ni58Mn25Ga17 high-temperature shape memory alloy. Scr Mater. 2010;63(1):35.
Elahinia MH, Hashemi M, Tabesh M, Bhaduri SB. Manufacturing and processing of NiTi implants: a review. Prog Mater Sci. 2012;57(5):911.
Sun MY, Meng YT, Zhang YH, Wang YY, Fan QC, Huang SK. Texture and its effect on shape memory properties of Ni47Ti44Nb9 forged rods. Chin J Rare Met. 2018;42(8):785.
Mohd Jani J, Leary M, Subic A, Gibson MA. A review of shape memory alloy research, applications and opportunities. Mater Des. 2014;56:1078.
Zhao TT, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhao XQ. Nano-hardness, wear resistance and pseudoelasticity of hafnium implanted NiTi shape memory alloy. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2012;13:174.
Liu FS, Ding Z, Li Y, Xu HB. Phase transformation behaviours and mechanical properties of TiNiMo shape memory alloys. Intermetallics. 2005;13(3–4):357.
Biesiekierski A, Wang J, Gepreel MA, Wen C. A new look at biomedical Ti-based shape memory alloys. Acta Biomater. 2012;8(5):1661.
Buenconsejo PJS, Kim HY, Miyazaki S. Effect of ternary alloying elements on the shape memory behavior of Ti–Ta alloys. Acta Mater. 2009;57(8):2509.
Zheng XH, Sui JH, Zhang X, Yang ZY, Wang HB, Tian XH, Cai W. Scr. Mater. 2013;68(12):1008.
Sun F, Hao YL, Nowak S, Gloriant T, Laheurte P, Prima F. A thermo-mechanical treatment to improve the superelastic performances of biomedical Ti–26Nb and Ti–20Nb–6Zr (at%) alloys. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2011;4:1864.
Zhang J, Sun F, Hao YL, Gozdecki N, Lebrun E, Vermaut P, Portier R, Gloriant T, Laheurte P, Prima F. Influence of equiatomic Zr/Nb substitution on superelastic behavior of Ti–Nb–Zr alloy. Mater Sci Eng A. 2013;563:78.
Qu WT, Sun XG, Yuan BF, Xiong CY, Zhang F, Li Y, Sun BH. Microstructures and phase transformations of Ti–30Zr–xNb (x = 5, 7, 9, 13 at%) shape memory alloys. Mater Charact. 2016;122:1.
Meng QK, Huo YF, Ma W, Sui YW, Zhang JY, Guo S, Zhao XQ. Design and fabrication of a low modulus β-type Ti–Nb–Zr alloy by controlling martensitic transformation. Rare Met. 2018;37(9):789.
Qu WT, Sun XG, Yuan BF, Xiong CY, Li Y, Nie YS. Phase transformation and microstructure evolution of the deformed Ti–30Zr–5Nb shape memory alloy. Mater Charact. 2017;126:81.
Qu WT, Sun XG, Yuan BF, Li KM, Wang ZG, Li Y. Tribological behaviour of biomedical Ti–Zr-based shape memory alloys. Rare Met. 2017;36(6):478.
Zhu ZW, Xiong CY, Wang J, Li RG, Ren Y, Wang YD, Li Y. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigations of the physical mechanism of ultralow strain hardening in Ti–30Zr–10Nb alloy. Acta Mater. 2018;154:45.
Xue PF, Li Y, Zhang F, Zhou CG. Shape memory effect and phase transformations of Ti–19.5Zr–10Nb–0.5Fe alloy. Scr Mater. 2015;101:99.
Yu ZG, Xiong CY, Xue PF, Li Y, Yuan BF, Qu WT. Shape memory behavior of Ti–20Zr–10Nb–5Al alloy subjected to annealing treatment. Rare Met. 2016;35(11):831.
Wang J, Li QQ, Xiong CY, Li Y, Sun BH. Effect of Zr on the martensitic transformation and the shape memory effect in Ti–Zr–Nb–Ta high-temperature shape memory alloys. J Alloys Compd. 2018;737:672.
Kim HY, Ikehara Y, Kim JI, Hosoda H, Miyazaki S. Martensitic transformation, shape memory effect and superelasticity of Ti–Nb binary alloys. Acta Mater. 2006;54(9):2419.
Abdel-Hady M, Fuwa H, Hinoshita K, Kimura H, Shinzato Y, Morinaga M. Phase stability change with Zr content in β-type Ti–Nb alloys. Scr Mater. 2007;57(11):1000.
Cui Y, Li Y, Luo K, Xu HB. Microstructure and shape memory effect of Ti–20Zr–10Nb alloy. Mater Sci Eng A. 2010;527(3):652.
Ping DH, Mitarai Y, Yin FX. Microstructure and shape memory behavior of a Ti–30Nb–3Pd alloy. Scr Mater. 2005;52(12):1287.
Zheng XH, Sui JH, Zhang X, Tian XH, Cai W. Effect of Y addition on the martensitic transformation and shape memory effect of Ti–Ta high-temperature shape memory alloy. J Alloy Compd. 2012;539:144.
Xue PF, Li Y, Li KM, Zhang DY, Zhou CG. Superelasticity, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the Ti–19Zr–10Nb–1Fe alloy. Mater Sci Eng C. 2015;50:179.
Li Q, Niinomt M, Nakai M, Cui ZD, Zhu SL, Yang XJ. Effect of Zr on super-elasticity and mechanical properties of Ti–24 at% Nb–(0, 2, 4) at% Zr alloy subjected to aging treatment. Mater Sci Eng A. 2012;536:197.
Zhou Y, Li YX, Yang XJ, Cui ZD, Zhu SJ. Influence of Zr content on phase transformation, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti75-xNb25Zrx (x = 0–6) alloys. J Alloy Compd. 2009;486(1–2):628.
Zhang F, Yu Z, Xiong CY, Qu WT, Yuan B, Wang Z, Li Y. Martensitic transformations and the shape memory effect in Ti–Zr–Nb–Al high-temperature shape memory alloys. Mater Sci Eng A. 2017;679:14.
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFC1106600) and the Funding from the Industrial Transformation and Upgrading of Strong Base Project of China (No. TC150B5C0/03).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qu, WT., Gong, H., Wang, J. et al. Martensitic transformation, shape memory effect and superelasticity of Ti–xZr–(30–x)Nb–4Ta alloys. Rare Met. 38, 965–970 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-019-01305-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-019-01305-3