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Observation of robust anisotropy in WS2/BP heterostructures

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Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic materials have garnered significant attention in the realm of anisotropic optoelectronic devices due to their remarkable electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. While extensive research has delved into the optical and electrical characteristics of these materials, there remains a need for further exploration to identify novel materials and structures capable of fulfilling device requirements under various conditions. Here, we employ heterojunction interface engineering with black phosphorus (BP) to disrupt the C3 rotational symmetry of monolayer WS2. The resulting WS2/BP heterostructure exhibits pronounced anisotropy in exciton emissions, with a measured anisotropic ratio of 1.84 for neutral excitons. Through a comprehensive analysis of magnetic-field-dependent and temperature-evolution photoluminescence spectra, we discern varying trends in the polarization ratio, notably observing a substantial anisotropy ratio of 1.94 at a temperature of 1.6 K and a magnetic field of 9 T. This dynamic behavior is attributed to the susceptibility of the WS2/BP heterostructure interface strain to fluctuations in magnetic fields and temperatures. These findings provide valuable insights into the design of anisotropic optoelectronic devices capable of adaptation to a range of magnetic fields and temperatures, thereby advancing the frontier of material-driven device engineering.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by various funding sources, notably the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52373311), which significantly facilitated this study. The assistance rendered by the High-Performance Complex Manufacturing Key State Lab Project at CSU (No. ZZYJKT2020-12) greatly expedited the research process. Gratitude is extended to the Australian Research Council (ARC Discovery Project, DP180102976) for its substantial contribution to advancing this research agenda. Moreover, J. T. W. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11974387 and 92263202), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFA0711502), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB33000000). The authors also thank the High-Performance Computing Center of Central South University for providing indispensable computing resources for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Quantum Physics, School of Physics, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, China

    Xinran Li, Xing Xie, Biao Wu, Junying Chen, Shaofei Li, Jun He & Yanping Liu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, China

    Xinran Li, Xing Xie, Biao Wu, Junying Chen & Yanping Liu

  3. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Zongwen Liu

  4. The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Zongwen Liu

  5. Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Jian-Tao Wang

  6. School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Jian-Tao Wang

  7. Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, 523808, China

    Jian-Tao Wang

  8. Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University, Shenzhen, 518000, China

    Yanping Liu

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  1. Xinran Li
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  2. Xing Xie
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  3. Biao Wu
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  4. Junying Chen
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  5. Shaofei Li
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  6. Jun He
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  7. Zongwen Liu
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  8. Jian-Tao Wang
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  9. Yanping Liu
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Contributions

The initiation of conceptualization was spearheaded by Y. P. L. Optical characterization utilizing Raman and PL techniques was conducted by X. R. L., X. X., and B. W. Numerical simulations grounded on DFT and accompanying elucidations were executed by J. T. W. Data analysis and inputs to manuscript drafting were carried out by Y. P. L., X. R. L., J. Y. C., B. W., S. F. L. and Z. W. L. J. H. and Y. P. L. supervised the project. All authors meticulously scrutinized and furnished remarks on the manuscript. The manuscript underwent a comprehensive revision process, with active involvement and indispensable contributions from all authors.

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Correspondence to Yanping Liu.

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Li, X., Xie, X., Wu, B. et al. Observation of robust anisotropy in WS2/BP heterostructures. Nano Res. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6638-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6638-x

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