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Recent advances in anisotropic two-dimensional materials and device applications

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Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus (BP), MXene and borophene, have aroused extensive attention since the discovery of graphene in 2004. They have wide range of applications in many research fields, such as optoelectronic devices, energy storage, catalysis, owing to their striking physical and chemical properties. Among them, anisotropic 2D material is one kind of 2D materials that possess different properties along different directions caused by the intrinsic anisotropic atoms’ arrangement of the 2D materials, mainly including BP, borophene, low-symmetry TMDs (ReSe2 and ReS2) and group IV monochalcogenides (SnS, SnSe, GeS, and GeSe). Recently, a series of new devices has been fabricated based on these anisotropic 2D materials. In this review, we start from a brief introduction of the classifications, crystal structures, preparation techniques, stability, as well as the strategy to discriminate the anisotropic characteristics of 2D materials. Then, the recent advanced applications including electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, thermoelectric devices and nanomechanical devices based on the anisotropic 2D materials both in experiment and theory have been summarized. Finally, the current challenges and prospects in device designs, integration, mechanical analysis, and micro-/nano-fabrication techniques related to anisotropic 2D materials have been discussed. This review is aimed to give a generalized knowledge of anisotropic 2D materials and their current devices applications, and thus inspiring the exploration and development of other kinds of new anisotropic 2D materials and various novel device applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the State Key Research Development Program of China (No. 2019YFB2203503), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61875138, 61961136001, 61435010, and U1801254), the Guangdong Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 2018B030306038), the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen (Nos. JCYJ20180507182047316, KQJSCX20180328095501798, KQTD2015032416270385, and GJHZ20180928160209731), the Natural Science Foundation of SZU (No. 860-000002110429), the Educational Commission of Guangdong Province (Nos. 2016KCXTD006 and 2018KCXTD026), and the Science and Technology Development Fund (Nos. 007/2017/A1 and 132/2017/A3), Macao SAR, China.

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  1. Jinlai Zhao and Dingtao Ma contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Second People’s Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China

    Jinlai Zhao, Cong Wang, Zhinan Guo, Bin Zhang, Guohui Nie, Ni Xie & Han Zhang

  2. Faculty of Information Technology, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China

    Jinlai Zhao, Dingtao Ma & Jianqing Li

  3. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen, 518060, China

    Jinlai Zhao

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  1. Jinlai Zhao
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Correspondence to Zhinan Guo, Ni Xie or Han Zhang.

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Zhao, J., Ma, D., Wang, C. et al. Recent advances in anisotropic two-dimensional materials and device applications. Nano Res. 14, 897–919 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-3018-z

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