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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: versatile nanomaterials for skin wound treatment

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Abstract

Accumulating studies reveal that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote skin wound healing mainly through the paracrine effects. Exosomes, one of the crucial paracrine mediators in wound healing, are cell-derived nanosized membranous vesicles containing diverse bioactive cargoes. With the potent ability of modulating skin cell behaviors, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are regarded as a promising nanomaterial for regenerative wound therapy. Under hostile conditions, MSC-Exos are efficient in protecting skin cells from severe damage and restoring their function. According to recent studies, MSC-Exos possess remarkable pro-healing effects in a variety of skin wounds, typically resulting in increased wound closure, inhibited scar tissue formation, and better restoration of skin function. To further enhance the therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos, the development of applicable pretreatment strategies and the optimization of exosome delivery are under intensive investigation. Herein, we summarize current research progress of MSC-Exos for skin wound treatment, with an emphasis on the biological effects of these nanovesicles, the repair mechanisms, and future challenges in clinical translation.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 32071331 and 31600792), and Post-Doctor Research Project, West China Hospital, Sichuan University (No. 2018HXBH053). Graphical abstract was created with BioRender.com.

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  1. Yuzhen Xiao, Hexi Li, and Junhui Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Yuzhen Xiao, Hexi Li, Songyun Yang, Chunsen Zhang, Yizhou Huang, Xin Tang & Huiqi Xie

  2. West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Yuzhen Xiao

  3. West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Junhui Zhang

  4. Sports Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Songyun Yang, Chunsen Zhang & Xin Tang

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  1. Yuzhen Xiao
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Correspondence to Yizhou Huang, Xin Tang or Huiqi Xie.

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Xiao, Y., Li, H., Zhang, J. et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: versatile nanomaterials for skin wound treatment. Nano Res. 17, 2836–2856 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6080-5

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