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Emerging monoelemental 2D materials (Xenes) for biosensor applications

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Abstract

Currently, numerous monoelemental two-dimensional (2D) materials, called Xenes, have been discovered, including graphyne (GD), silicene, germanene, arsenene, and borophene. Their structures, fabrication methods, as well as properties have been extensively explored. Based on their single-element composition, high optical response capability, excellent electrical-optical properties, large specific surface area (SSA) and easy modification, Xenes have been widely used in photoelectric applications (detection, modulation, light processing) and biomedicine (biological sensing, drug loading, bioimaging, etc.). Especially in the field of biomedicine, Xenes are expected to induce a great breakthrough. In this review, we introduce the structural characteristics, synthesis and modification methods of several common Xenes respectively. The general properties including optical, electronic, physical and chemical properties of Xenes are summarized. Their diverse utilization as biosensors for nucleic acid sequencing, bioactive detection, and cancer diagnosis, etc. are also explicitly explored. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of Xenes in biosensor are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82002936), Guangdong Scientific and Technological Project (Nos. 2019B1515120043, 2020A151501612, 2021A1515220109, 2022B1515020093, 2020A1515010787 and 2020A1515110749), the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen (No. KCXFZ20201221173413038), the Longhua District Science and Innovation Commission Project Grants of Shenzhen (No. JCYJ201904). Authors also acknowledge the support from the Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University (Xili Campus).

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  1. Xiaohan Duan and Zhihao Liu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices, Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering and Institute of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital), Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China

    Xiaohan Duan, Zhihao Liu, Karim Khan, Bin Zhang & Han Zhang

  2. Institute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China

    Zhongjian Xie

  3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China

    Ayesha Khan Tareen

  4. School of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China

    Karim Khan

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  1. Xiaohan Duan
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Correspondence to Zhongjian Xie or Bin Zhang.

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Duan, X., Liu, Z., Xie, Z. et al. Emerging monoelemental 2D materials (Xenes) for biosensor applications. Nano Res. 16, 7030–7052 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5418-3

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