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Confining MOF-derived SnSe nanoplatelets in nitrogen-doped graphene cages via direct CVD for durable sodium ion storage

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Abstract

Tin-based compounds are deemed as suitable anode candidates affording promising sodium-ion storages for rechargeable batteries and hybrid capacitors. However, synergistically tailoring the electrical conductivity and structural stability of tin-based anodes to attain durable sodium-ion storages remains challenging to date for its practical applications. Herein, metal-organic framework (MOF) derived SnSe/C wrapped within nitrogen-doped graphene (NG@SnSe/C) is designed targeting durable sodium-ion storage. NG@SnSe/C possesses favorable electrical conductivity and structure stability due to the “inner” carbon framework from the MOF thermal treatment and “outer” graphitic cage from the direct chemical vapor deposition synthesis. Consequently, NG@SnSe/C electrode can obtain a high reversible capacity of 650 mAh·g−1 at 0.05 A·g−1, a favorable rate performance of 287.8 mAh·g−1 at 5 A·g−1 and a superior cycle stability with a negligible capacity decay of 0.016% per cycle over 3,200 cycles at 0.4 A·g−1. Theoretical calculations reveal that the nitrogen-doping in graphene can stabilize the NG@SnSe/C structure and improve the electrical conductivity. The reversible Na-ion storage mechanism of SnSe is further investigated by in-situ X-ray diffraction/ex-situ transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, assembled sodium-ion hybrid capacitor full-cells comprising our NG@SnSe/C anode and an active carbon cathode harvest a high energy/power density of 115.5 Wh·kg−1/5,742 W·kg−1, holding promise for next-generation energy storages.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51702225), the National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFA0200103), and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20170336). C. L., Z. Z. L., Z. X., H. N. C., Y. Z. S., L. H. Y., W. J. Y., J. Y. S., and Z. F. L. acknowledge the support from Suzhou Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Suzhou, China.

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  1. Chen Lu and Zhenzhu Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China

    Chen Lu, Zhenzhu Li, Zhou Xia, Haina Ci, Jingsheng Cai, Yingze Song, Lianghao Yu, Wanjian Yin, Jingyu Sun & Zhongfan Liu

  2. Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing, 100095, China

    Haina Ci, Jingyu Sun & Zhongfan Liu

  3. Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia

    Shixue Dou

  4. Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Zhongfan Liu

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  1. Chen Lu
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  2. Zhenzhu Li
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Correspondence to Jingyu Sun or Zhongfan Liu.

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Lu, C., Li, Z., Xia, Z. et al. Confining MOF-derived SnSe nanoplatelets in nitrogen-doped graphene cages via direct CVD for durable sodium ion storage. Nano Res. 12, 3051–3058 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2551-0

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