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Effects of Hygrothermal Aging on the Flexural Properties of Cross-Ply and Angle-Ply CFRP Composite Laminates

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Abstract

In this study, the influences of the aging period and temperature on the flexural properties of CFRP laminates were investigated experimentally and numerically. Samples with cross-ply (CP) and angle-ply (AP) layups were prepared and immersed in water tanks with different temperatures (30 ℃ and 50 ℃). Three-point bending tests were performed for unaged, 15, and 35 days-aged composite laminates. SEM, optical, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the morphology, chemical structures, and failure mechanisms. It was found that the water molecule uptake mainly existed among the matrix and fiber–matrix interface. As a result, the CP laminates showed a buckling-driven delamination failure at the compressive surface, while debonding and kinking failure appeared for AP laminates. A higher temperature or longer immersion period worsens the laminate performance. For CP samples aging for 35 days, the flexural strength showed a 32.8% reduction at 30 ℃ and a 40.6% reduction at 50 ℃. However, the reduction of flexural strength of AP samples was 29.7–31.1% at both temperatures, which was insensitive to the temperature. A finite element model was also developed, and the numerical results showed that the differences in flexural properties reduction were due to the distinct load-carrying mechanisms.

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Data Availability

Raw data related to this research are available from the corresponding author on email request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2022YFH0075), the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2022NSFSC1976), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2682023GF028), and the Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Traction Power (2022TPL-T13). We also would like to thank the assistance on materials characterization received from the Analysis and Testing Center of Southwest Jiaotong University.

Funding

Funding was provided by Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program (Grant No. 2022YFH0075), Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (Grant No. 2022NSFSC1976), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2682023GF028), State Key Laboratory of Traction Power (Grnt No. 2022TPL-T13),

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China

    Dongdong Chen, Xiaoyu Sun, Mingzhu Guan, Bing Yang & Shoune Xiao

  2. School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK

    Maozhou Meng

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  1. Dongdong Chen
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Correspondence to Dongdong Chen.

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Chen, D., Meng, M., Sun, X. et al. Effects of Hygrothermal Aging on the Flexural Properties of Cross-Ply and Angle-Ply CFRP Composite Laminates. Fibers Polym 25, 257–274 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-023-00413-3

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