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A Selective Chromatographic Method to Determine the Dynamic of Biogenic Amines During Brewing Process

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Abstract

A highly selective method was established to study the dynamic of biogenic amine formation during the brewing process. The presence of histamine, tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine, phenylethylamine, spermidine, and spermine was determined in raw materials (barley, hop, yeast), intermediate products (sweet wort, hopped wort, green and matured beer), and beers. Dansylated amines were separated on a Zorbax-XDB C18 column using a binary mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and water. Chromatographic conditions were optimized using an experimental design, and validation was performed following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) recommendations. Calibration data fitted a linear regression model with R 2 > 0.99. Repeatability (n = 6) and intermediate precision (n = 3) in matrix showed relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 7.62 and 8.51 %, respectively. Recoveries, at three different concentrations, ranged from 73.97 to 114.94 %. The proposed method was applied to determine the dynamic of biogenic amine content during brewing process of three microbreweries, allowing the detection of the principal sources or stages of biogenic amine (BA) contribution/formation.

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Acknowledgments

This work is part of Oscar Galarce thesis to obtain the degree of Magister in Pharmaceutical Sciences from the University of Concepcion. National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) project no. 1131080, Fund for Scientific and Technological Equipment (FONDEQUIP) project no. 130209, and the University of Concepcion financially supported this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Advanced Research on Foods and Drugs, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile

    Oscar Galarce, Karem Henríquez-Aedo, Darlene Peterssen, Carlos Peña-Farfal & Mario Aranda

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  1. Oscar Galarce
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  2. Karem Henríquez-Aedo
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  3. Darlene Peterssen
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  4. Carlos Peña-Farfal
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  5. Mario Aranda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mario Aranda.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT) project No. 1131080 and by the Fund for Scientific and Technological Equipment (FONDEQUIP) project No. 130209.

Conflict of Interest

Oscar Galarce, Karem Henríquez-Aedo, Darlene Pettersen, Carlos Peña-Farfal, and Mario Aranda declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Galarce, O., Henríquez-Aedo, K., Peterssen, D. et al. A Selective Chromatographic Method to Determine the Dynamic of Biogenic Amines During Brewing Process. Food Anal. Methods 9, 3385–3395 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0526-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0526-2

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