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Post Vaccination Epidemiology and Genotyping of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis at a Tertiary Care Centre of North-East Rajasthan

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Abstract

Objectives

To estimate the proportion of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under-five years, to determine the circulating rotavirus genotypes and to know impact rotavirus vaccine on prevalence and severity of rotavirus diarrhea.

Methods

This study was a hospital based cross-sectional observational study conducted over a period of 29 mo (September 2017 through January 2020). Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0–59 mo with acute diarrhea attending emergency or needing admission. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) and genotyped using published methods.

Results

Out of 1480 samples, 360 (24.32%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA, majority of them were male (62.97%). Maximum rotavirus positivity was found in the age group of <11 mo (55.27%). Statistically significance difference was seen in episodes of diarrhea and experience of vomiting in rotavirus diarrhea cases. Highest prevalence has been seen during winter season. The most prevalent G and P type combinations were G3P [8] strains [122 (34.08%)], G2P [4] [83 (23.18%)], G1P [8] [27 (7.54%)] and G9P [4] [20 (5.59%)]. Mixed strains contribute a significant proportion of stool sample.

Conclusions

Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children. There is continued circulation of G9 and G12 strains and the emergence of G3P [8] as most common strain.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India and the State government of the participating institution.

The authors thank the team at Christian Medical College, Vellore for support, and the children and families for participation.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA (subcontract to Christian Medical College, Vellore grant no MOA#871-15SC) and the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (grant no OPP1165083).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Medicine, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    R. K. Gupta, Shailja Vajpayee & Alok Kumar Goyal

  2. Department of Pathology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Ruchi Agrawal

  3. Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Nayana P. Nair & Varunkumar Thiyagarajan

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  1. R. K. Gupta
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Contributions

RKG and AKG designed the study. Data collection and management was done by AKG, SV and RA. RKG, AKG, NPN and VT performed the data analysis for the study. RKG and RA did the review of literature. AKG, SV, and RA wrote the manuscript, and it was critically reviewed by RKG and AKG. Final approval of submitted version was done by RKG and AKG. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Alok Kumar Goyal.

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An ethics clearance was obtained from institutional ethics committee. (3205/MC/EC/2017 dated 08.06.2017).

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Gupta, R.K., Vajpayee, S., Agrawal, R. et al. Post Vaccination Epidemiology and Genotyping of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis at a Tertiary Care Centre of North-East Rajasthan. Indian J Pediatr 88 (Suppl 1), 90–96 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03569-5

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