Abstract
In recent years, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, while the role of TIMP3 in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas remains unclear. In this study, 86 sporadic pituitary tumor specimens, including ACTH (40), GH (18), PRL-secreting (8), and non-functioining (20) and non-tumorous pituitary samples (n = 10) were available, and then, the mRNA and protein expression of TIMP3 was quantified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Our findings showed that TIMP3 expression was significantly correlated with Ki-67 expression and the invasiveness of pituitary adenomas. TIMP3 mRNA and protein expression were reduced in ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas and the other three types of pituitary adenomas compared to adjacent non-tumorous pituitary tissues (all p < .01). On the other hand, the expression of TIMP3 was negatively correlated with tumor size and Ki-67 in ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas. TIMP3 mRNA expression was significantly lower in invasive pituitary adenomas than that in noninvasive ones (1.92-fold, p < .05). TIMP3 protein levels were also significantly lower in the majority of invasive adenomas (1.41-fold, p < .05) Furthermore, TIMP3 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in pituitary giant adenomas than those in microadenomas (2.58-fold, p < .05). In conclusion, the expression of TIMP3 is low in pituitary adenomas including ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas and negatively associated with tumor aggressiveness. TIMPs may play a potential role in the progression of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas and be useful as a biomarker of invasiveness.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Dr. Run Yu (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA) and Shunzeng Lv for the helpful discussion and editing of this manuscript.
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The authors declare have no competing interests.
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The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Peking union medical college hospital, and all patients had written informed consent.
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Bowen Sun and Xiaohai Liu contributed equally to this work.
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Sun, B., Liu, X., Yang, Y. et al. The Clinical Utility of TIMP3 Expression in ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Tumor. J Mol Neurosci 58, 137–144 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-015-0698-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-015-0698-z