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Dose-Dependent Oxidative Damage in Erythrocytes and Hepatic Tissue of Wistar Rats Concurrently Exposed with Arsenic and Quinalphos: a Subacute Study

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Abstract

Concurrent exposure to a multitude of environmental toxicants pose serious health hazard to humans and animals. The present investigation was conceptualized to determine deleterious effects of concomitant subacute arsenic and quinalphos exposure on antioxidant responses of liver and erythrocytes of Wistar rats. Fifty-four Wistar rats were divided into nine groups with six animals in each. Animals were exposed to either quinalphos (1/100th and 1/10th of LD50) through oral gavage daily or arsenic (50 and 100 ppb) in drinking water alone and in combination for 28 days. While treatment with different toxicants alone also significantly reduced hemoglobin concentration, hepatic biomarkers and levels of antioxidant parameters as compared with control values, concomitant exposure significantly (P < 0.05) elevated levels of hepatic transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. Moreover, along with significant depletion in activities of SOD, CAT, TTH, AChE, and enzymes of glutathione complex, a significant enhancement of lipid peroxidation was also recorded in liver and erythrocytes in co-exposed animals in a dose-dependent manner when compared with exposure to individual toxicant. More severe alterations occurred in hepatic histo-architecture of rats receiving combined treatment as compared with those treated with either toxicant. Results indicated that oxidative damage in erythrocytes was more than that of the liver of rats on concomitant exposure of arsenic and quinalphos in a dose-dependent manner. In nutshell, our results revealed that combined treatment of quinalphos with arsenic potentiated toxic effects of either toxicant on antioxidant machinery of liver and erythrocytes and hepatic histomorphology of exposed Wistar rats.

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Acknowledgements

Authors thank the Dean, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, Jammu for providing necessary facilities for conducting the research.

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Research work of students thus no external funding required.

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  1. Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, R S Pura, 181102, Jammu & Kashmir, India

    Pawan Kumar Verma, Parvinder Singh, Priyanka Sharma & Rajinder Raina

  2. Division of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, R S Pura, 181102, Jammu & Kashmir, India

    Shilpa Sood

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Dr Pawan Kumar Verma and Dr Parvinder Singh contributed to conception, design, and execution of the research work to generate the basic data. The Dr Rajinder Raina edited final manuscript and Dr Shilpa Sood carried out histopathological work of experiment. Dr Priyanka Sharma contributed to statistical analysis of data.

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Correspondence to Pawan Kumar Verma.

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Verma, P.K., Singh, P., Sharma, P. et al. Dose-Dependent Oxidative Damage in Erythrocytes and Hepatic Tissue of Wistar Rats Concurrently Exposed with Arsenic and Quinalphos: a Subacute Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 200, 2160–2173 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02807-x

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