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Different Routes of Administration Lead to Different Oxidative Damage and Tissue Disorganization Levels on the Subacute Cadmium Toxicity in the Liver

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Abstract

The toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) on hepatic parameters are widely described in the literature. Experimental models often make use of the intraperitoneal route (i.p.) because it is easier to apply, while in the oral route, Cd poisoning in humans is best represented by allowing the metal to pass through the digestive system and be absorbed into the bloodstream. Thus, this study investigated the Cd exposure impact on the liver, by comparing both i.p. and oral routes, both in single dose, in addition to the oral route in fractional doses. Swiss adult male mice received CdCl2 1.5 mg/kg i.p., 30 mg/kg oral single dose, and 4.28 mg/kg oral route in fractional doses for 7 consecutive days. Cd bioaccumulation was observed in all animals exposed to Cd. Hepatic concentrations of Ca and Fe increased only in the fractionated oral route. Liver activities of SOD and CAT increased only by oral single dose. GST decreased in all forms of oral administration, while MDA decreased only in i.p. route. Liver weight and HSI increased in the i.p. route, while organ volume increased in all forms of oral administration, and liver density increased in all animals exposed to Cd. In hepatic histomorphometry, the changes were more evident in oral administration, mainly in exposure to metal in a single dose. Thus, the subacute administration of Cd in different routes of administration leads to different changes in liver poisoning.

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Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Bioclin Laboratories for kindly providing biochemical kits used in this work, and Enedina Sacramento for the English proofreading; this work was supported by Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil.

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  1. Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Viviane Gorete Silveira Mouro, Luiz Carlos Maia Ladeira, Amanda Alves Lozi, Elizabeth Lopes de Oliveira & Sérgio Luis Pinto da Matta

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty Univertix, Matipó, MG, 35367-000, Brazil

    Viviane Gorete Silveira Mouro, Thiago Soares de Medeiros & Mariany Ribeiro Silva

  3. Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Fabiana Cristina Silveira Alves de Melo & Sérgio Luis Pinto da Matta

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  1. Viviane Gorete Silveira Mouro
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Mouro, V.G.S., Ladeira, L.C.M., Lozi, A.A. et al. Different Routes of Administration Lead to Different Oxidative Damage and Tissue Disorganization Levels on the Subacute Cadmium Toxicity in the Liver. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 4624–4634 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02570-5

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