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Seasonal and tidal influence for water quality changes in coastal Bolgoda Lake system, Sri Lanka

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Abstract

The variation in physicochemical properties is a notable feature to identify hydrodynamic and biogeochemical processes in coastal aquatic systems. In this study, the spatial and temporal changes of water quality parameters were measured with respect to spring and neap tides, covering both single and different monsoon periods. Bulk organic geochemical proxies such as total organic carbon to total nitrogen (C/N ratio) and total organic carbon to total sulfur (C/S ratio) were also considered to evaluate organic sources and depositional environments, respectively. The conductivity was decreased with distance from the sea-mouth to stream during the neap tide under the influence of weak precipitation. No significant variation in conductivity can be observed during the spring tide under the influence of strong precipitation. In addition, the conductivity values in North Bolgoda Lake show homogeneous distribution during spring and neap tides within single monsoon period. Therefore, the reduction of freshwater supply (precipitation) had played a significant role in developing salinity stratification along this coastal water body. The seasonal stratification can control organic matter preservation, as oxygen dissolution is decreased with increasing salinity. In contrast, tidal variation and precipitation had no direct connection to change salinity in surrounding groundwater aquifers. Organic geochemical proxies indicate possible oligotrophic to mesotrophic levels of productivity in Bolgoda Lake system. The prominent fluvial process during rainy periods and seawater invasion during dry periods can diminish the accumulation of nutrients and anthropogenic deteriorations in Bolgoda Lake system under sea-mouth open nature.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Lanka Hydraulic Institute for providing tidal data, Meteorological Department for providing rainfall data, Ceylon Fisheries Harbor for providing their boat facilities. In addition, we wish to express our thanks to R. Amarasinghe, S. Gunathilaka, S. Silva, H.M.J.T. Wijayawardhana, R.M.C.M. Rajakaruna, J.P.R. Indika and U.D.P. Rambukwella of the oceanography laboratory of the Department of Earth Resources Engineering for assisting and coordinating the field works. We are grateful to Editor in Chief Dr. David Richard Green and two anonymous referees for their constructive comments and suggestions on a previous version of this manuscript. This study was partially supported by a MEXT (Japanese Ministry of Education and Culture) scholarship.

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  1. Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake

    Present address: Faculty of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Passara Road, Badulla, 90000, Sri Lanka

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geoscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu-cho 1060, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan

    Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake & Yoshikazu Sampei

  2. Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

    Nalin Prasanna Ratnayake, A. V. P. Vijitha & Sanjeewani Disna Jayamali

  3. Research Center for Coastal Lagoon Environments, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu-cho 1060, Matsue, 690-8504, Japan

    Yoshikazu Sampei

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  1. Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake
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Correspondence to Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake.

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Ratnayake, A.S., Ratnayake, N.P., Sampei, Y. et al. Seasonal and tidal influence for water quality changes in coastal Bolgoda Lake system, Sri Lanka. J Coast Conserv 22, 1191–1199 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-018-0628-7

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