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Experimental Investigation into the Dry Reciprocating Wear Behavior of Additively Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steel (316L) Alloys

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Abstract

Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a cutting-edge manufacturing method for creating metallic components based on a 3D CAD model. Stainless steel, known for its exceptional corrosion resistance and durability, finds wide applications in chemical processing, pharmaceuticals, marine, aerospace, and automotive industries. This study delves into the dry sliding wear behavior of 316L stainless steel fabricated through DMLS when tested against chrome steel and its alumina counterparts under varying loads. The investigation utilized scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, a 3D profilometer, and X-ray diffraction to analyze the wear morphology. The results indicated fluctuating average friction coefficient values in the DMLS samples, ranging from 0.90 to 0.62 against chrome steel and 0.90 to 0.68 against alumina. Higher wear rates were observed against alumina in all load conditions compared to chrome steel. Wear values against chrome steel were 68%, 52%, and 26% lower than conventional parts, and, against alumina, were 69%, 45.35%, and 22% lower at 5 N, 10 N, and 20 N tests, respectively, in conventional parts. The chrome steel tests exhibited a mixed wear mechanism involving adhesion, abrasion, and oxidation at all loads, while alumina tests displayed dominant adhesive and abrasion wear at 5 N, transitioning to delamination at higher loads.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to extend their gratitude to the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, for giving facility to execute research work under the FIST scheme (SR/FST/ETI-388/2015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India

    Vineesh Vishnu & K. P. Vineesh

  2. CEMILAC, Defense R &D Organization, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560093, India

    T. Ram Prabhu

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Bihar, 801106, India

    Murshid Imam

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Contributions

VV: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft. TRP: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing. MI: Supervision, Writing – review & editing. KPV: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing.

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Correspondence to Vineesh Vishnu.

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Vishnu, V., Prabhu, T.R., Imam, M. et al. Experimental Investigation into the Dry Reciprocating Wear Behavior of Additively Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steel (316L) Alloys. JOM (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-024-06491-9

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