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Rice florigen gene Hd3a has conserved functions in callus development

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Abstract

The transition of meristems is an important developmental process for crop plants. Florigen is considered to be produced in leaves, then moves into the shoot apical meristem (SAM), triggers the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase. However, little is known whether Florigen functions in callus development or not. By fused reporter gene β-glucuronidase (GUS) to 1.7 kb promoter of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), GUS signals were detected in the scutellum cells, as well as in green point of the putative transgenic calli. Quantitative RT-PCR results demonstrated that the expression level of Hd3a was increased gradually over time along with the transition from scutellum-deprived callus to shoot. As reported that ectopic expression of FT-like genes caused earlier flowering, we also found that 80% constitutive expression of Hd3a transgenic callus showed formation floral-like organ structures. However, Hd3a RNA interference (RNAi) transgenic calli did not show any obvious phenotype, although AP1 or AP1-like genes—OsMADS14, OsMADS15, and OsMADS18- expression level is decreased during callus development. Both in Hd3a and RFT1 overexpression transgenic calli, Hd3a also modulated AP1 or AP1-like genes, as well AEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS34 during green point formation. Meanwhile, transgenic calli of RFT1and OsMADS50, but not OsEhd1, shared similar results as Hd3a. All of these findings suggested that florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 have partial conserved functions in the transition of meristems during callus development.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (31571573, 31701351), a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), and Yangzhou University Postdoctoral Science Foundation. We thank Gynheung An and Kyungsook An in KyungHee university for providing the suggestions in this project and managing the seed stock, respectively.

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Author notes

  1. Yunfei Wu and Jinhuan Wei have contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China

    Yunfei Wu & Fei Xiong

  2. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, No. 19 Qixiu Road, Jiangsu, 226001, China

    Jinhuan Wei

  3. Crop Genomics and Breeding Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea

    Sang-Chul Choi

  4. Law School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China

    Yongqing Fei

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  1. Yunfei Wu
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  2. Jinhuan Wei
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  4. Yongqing Fei
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Correspondence to Fei Xiong.

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Wu, Y., Wei, J., Choi, SC. et al. Rice florigen gene Hd3a has conserved functions in callus development. Acta Physiol Plant 41, 125 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-019-2914-x

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