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Phytochemical, phase transition, FTIR, and antimicrobial characterization of defatted Trigonella foenum graecum seed extract as affected by solvent polarity

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Abstract

This study focused on the fenugreek seed powder extract (FSP-Ex) obtained using four selected solvents based on polarity differences (acetone, ethanol, hexane, and petroleum ether). The FSP-Ex properties were studied through pH, color, antioxidant, flavonoid and phenolic content. Phase transition by DSC and FTIR spectrum was performed to get more insight into FSP-Ex and antimicrobial activity against three pathogens. The maximum value of FSP-Ex was noticed with ethanol as compared to other solvents. The pH, color (L*a*b*), antioxidant, flavonoid, and phenolic content of ethanol FSP-Ex were 6.87 ± 0.03 (66.3,. 10.66 and 44.23), 67.87%, 97.17 ± 0.01 mg QE/g and 71.17 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g respectively. The analytical properties of FSP-Ex revealed its thermal behavior and the presence of functional groups in chemical structure by DSC and FTIR, respectively. The phase transition by DSC analysis and FTIR analysis generated peaks that revealed the thermal characterization and functional groups present in FSP-Ex. The antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of FSP revealed the most suited zone of inhibition of 3.27 mm against Bacillus subtilis at 100 mg/mL strength among other selected microbes and solvents. Hence, based on these findings, FSP-Ex could be considered a novel method to study the relationship between solvent polarity with FSP-Ex and its phytochemical, physicochemical, and analytical properties.

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Data availability

The datasets created for this study are available on the reasonable request of the corresponding authors.

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  1. Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab, 148106, India

    Prajya Arya & Pradyuman Kumar

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PA conducting experiments, interpreting the results, writing original draft. PK concept formulation reviewing and editing the original draft, supervision of the manuscript.

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Arya, P., Kumar, P. Phytochemical, phase transition, FTIR, and antimicrobial characterization of defatted Trigonella foenum graecum seed extract as affected by solvent polarity. Food Measure 17, 5234–5246 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-023-02028-x

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