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Structural, Optical, Ferroelectric and Ferromagnetic Properties of Bi1−xGdxFeO3 Materials

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Abstract

Bi1−xGdxFeO3 (BGFO) (x = 0.00 ÷ 0.15) materials were prepared by a sol-gel method. The effect of Gd doping on the structural, ferromagnetic, and ferroelectric properties of BiFeO3 (BFO) were analyzed using x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, ferroelectric hysteresis loop and magnetic hysteresis loop measurements. All samples showed a rhombohedral structure of the perovskite type. The a and c lattice parameters decreased with Gd content, obeying Vegard’s law, from 5.583 to 5.511 Å, and from 13.869 Å to 13.741 Å, respectively. The optical band gap (Eg) also decreased with Gd content, from 2.02 to 1.60 eV at x = 0.00 to x = 0.15, respectively. The ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties of the BGFO materials were enhanced compared with those of the pure BFO material. Maximum saturation polarization (Ps) and saturation magnetization (Ms) values of 6.88 μC/cm2 and 0.386 emu/g were obtained. We found that the optimum Gd doping content to enhance multiferroic properties of BFO material is in range from x = 0.10 to x = 0.125. The origin of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties of BGFO materials were also discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Duc Thang Ward, North Tu Liem District, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam

    Dao Viet Thang, Nguyen Manh Hung & Du Thi Xuan Thao

  2. Center for Science and Technology Nano, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam

    Dao Viet Thang, Nguyen Manh Hung, Le Thi Mai Oanh, Nguyen Cao Khang & Nguyen Van Minh

  3. Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea

    Van Quang Nguyen

  4. Faculty of Engineering Physics and Nanotechnology, VNU-University of Engineering and Technology, 144 Xuan Thuy Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam

    Bui Dinh Tu

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  1. Dao Viet Thang
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Thang, D.V., Nguyen, V.Q., Hung, N.M. et al. Structural, Optical, Ferroelectric and Ferromagnetic Properties of Bi1−xGdxFeO3 Materials. J. Electron. Mater. 49, 4443–4449 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08158-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08158-y

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