Abstract
High sulfur content in hot metal desulfurization slag is one of the major barriers for recycling of the slag in the ironmaking and steelmaking process. How to effectively remove sulfur from the hot metal desulfurization slag is a crucial step for improving its recyclability. Thermodynamic analysis shows that CO2 is a better oxidation gas for sulfur removal from the hot metal desulfurization slag than O2 in terms of removal efficiency of sulfur while maintaining high recyclability of the treated slag by keeping iron in the slag separable with magnetic separators. A sulfur removal experiment with about 100 g hot metal desulfurization slag sample in each test run was conducted within the temperature range of 873 K to 1473 K (600 °C to 1200 °C). Compared to sulfur removal by oxygen, carbon dioxide is more effective, up to 40 pct removal at 1173 K (900 °C) and around 90 pct removal above 1273 K (1000 °C). High temperature, high gas velocity and long treatment time are favorable to complete removal of sulfur from the hot metal desulfurization slag. After being treated with CO2 above 1273 K (1000 °C) for 60 minutes, sulfur content in the hot metal desulfurization slag became sufficiently low and the treated hot metal desulfurization slag is expected to be highly recyclable as substitutes of scrap, iron ores and fluxes in the ironmaking and steelmaking process.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
E. Moosavi-Khoonsari, M.A. Van Ende, and I.H. Jung: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2022, vol. 53B, pp. 981–98.
Q. Wang, S. Jia, F. Tan, G. Li, D. Ouyang, S. Zhu, W. Sun, and Z. He: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2021, vol. 52B, pp. 1085–94.
D. Lindström and D. Sichen: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2015, vol. 46B, pp. 83–92.
P.J. Koros: Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel, Steelmaking & Refining Volume, 11th Ed., AISE Steel Foundation, 1998, pp. 413–29.
T. Hiraki, J. Cobayashi, S. Urushibata, K. Matsubae, and T. Nagsaga: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2012, vol. 43B, pp. 703–09.
Allertz and D. Sichen,: J. Sustain. Metall., 2015, vol. 1, pp. 229–39.
L.-H. Zhao, L. Lin, and Q.-F. Wu: Int. J. Miner. Metall., 2016, vol. 23, pp. 33–39.
Y. Uchida, N. Kikuchi, and Y. Miki: ISIJ Int., 2017, vol. 57, pp. 1012–18.
G.R. St. Pierre and J. Chipman: Trans. AIME, 1956, pp. 1474–83.
E.T. Turkdogan and L.S. Darken: Trans. AIME, 1961, vol. 221, pp. 464–74.
E.T. Turkdogan and M.L. Pearce: Trans. AIME, 1963, vol. 227, pp. 940–49.
A.D. Pelton, J.B. See, and J.F. Elliott: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1974, vol. 5B, pp. 1163–71.
Agrawl, G.J. Yurek and J.F. Elliott, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1983, vol.14B, pp. 221–30.
D.C. Lynch and J.F. Elliott: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1980, vol. 11B, pp. 415–25.
E.J. Anthony, L. Jia, and K. Qiu: Energy Fuels, 2003, vol. 17, pp. 363–68.
N.-Y. Ma and J.B. Houser: J. Clean. Prod., 2014, vol. 82, pp. 221–31.
Roine: Chemical Reaction and Equilibrium Software with Thermochemical Database and Simulation Module, HSC Chemistry® 6.1, Outotec Research Oy, Pori, Finland, 2007.
C.-Y. Kao, T.-U. Chen, Y.-B. Chang, T.-W. Chiu, H.-Y. Lin, C.-D. Chen, J.-S. Chang, and C.-S. Lin: Bioresour. Technol., 2014, vol. 166, pp. 485–93.
Acknowledgments
The author wishes to thank the ArcelorMittal management team for permission to publish this paper.
Conflict of interest
There is no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Ma, N. Treatment of Hot Metal Desulfurization Slag With CO2 Gas in the Temperature Range of 873 K to 1473 K for Better Recycling of the Slag. Metall Mater Trans B 55, 409–417 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02966-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-023-02966-3